Best Laboratory Medicine Treatment in Pune

Laboratory Services

Clinical Biochemistry 

Clinical Biochemistry studies chemical substances and metabolites in blood and other bodily fluids. Doctors identify certain metabolic disorders and infections by analysing the levels of metabolic compounds in a patient's body.

Clinical Microbiology & Serology 

• Clinical Microbiology and Serology are two related fields of study. Clinical Microbiology studies microorganisms that cause disease, while Serology is the study of antibodies.  

• Clinical Microbiology is focused on diagnosis, while Serology focuses on antibodies and helps diagnose certain immune system disorders, such as autoimmune disorders and immunodeficiency disorders.

Clinical Pathology 

• Clinical Pathology deals with studying bodily fluids and tissues and their functions and dysfunctions. Clinical pathologists examine body fluids and tissues to diagnose diseases, determine treatment options, and monitor the effectiveness of treatments.

• Clinical Pathology provides accurate diagnoses. Clinical pathologists use their knowledge of , haematology (the study of blood), immunology (the study of immune systems), oncology (the study of cancer), genetics, endocrinology (the study of hormones), nephrology (the study of kidneys), gastroenterology (the study of digestive systems) and other areas to identify diseases through laboratory tests performed on samples from patients' blood or other  body fluids.

Cytopathology 

Cytopathology studies changes in the body's cells. These changes may result from disease and injury or trauma. Samples are drawn from suspected sites of the body for examination.  It diagnoses cancer and other diseases and can also evaluate treatments for certain types of cancer.

Haematology 

• Haematology studies blood and concerns blood cell production, structure and functions.

• Haematology encompasses research and clinical practice, including laboratory tests to diagnose diseases and conditions and in-depth examinations of patients' blood samples and assessment of the blood cells.

Histopathology 

• Histopathology studies disease at the cellular level. It diagnoses diseases, determines their cause and severity, and monitors their progression. 

• Histopathology works on tissue samples taken from the body by examining the cells under a microscope and comparing them to healthy cells from the same organ to identify any abnormalities or changes in cell structure that may be present in diseased tissue.

Molecular Biology

Molecular Biology studies genes, their functions, and the processes that modify genes. It is a method that uses a sample of tissue, blood or other body fluid to check for certain genes, proteins, or other molecules that may be a sign of a disease or condition, such as cancer.  

Diagnostic Services

2D ECHO 

• 2D ECHO, a type of ultrasound, uses two-dimensional imaging to create a picture of the inside of the body. It allows doctors to view blood vessels, the heart, and the lungs.

• 2D ECHO can also check for tumours, blockages, or abnormalities in organs and tissue. It relies on reflected sound waves from an organ within the body. When these waves bounce back from the organ, they create an image on a computer screen.

Bone Densitometry 

• Bone Densitometry measures bone density to determine the risk of osteoporosis. It can also diagnose brittle bones, broken bones, and other bone disorders.

• Bone Densitometry uses Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA) or a CT Scan.

CT SCAN 

• A CT or Computed Tomography Scan uses X-rays to create a cross-sectional image of the patient's body. Doctors take X-rays from various angles and combine the resulting images into one 3D picture. The result allows doctors to visualise the internal structures of a patient's body in more detail than possible with an X-ray alone.

Digital Subtraction Angiography (DSA)

• Digital Subtraction Angiography (DSA) looks at blood vessels in the brain. It diagnoses conditions like a bulge in blood vessels, stroke, and arteriovenous malformations.

• DSA uses an X-ray or Computed Tomography (CT) Scan after injecting a dye into the patient's bloodstream. The image of the dye inside the blood vessels is subtracted from the original image, leaving only the parts of the images where there are no blood vessels visible, leaving behind a picture of what is happening inside those blood vessels.

EEG 

EEG stands for Electroencephalography, which is the process of measuring the electrical activity of a brain. It indicates what the brain is doing and how it functions. It can diagnose conditions like unconsciousness, brain tumours, neurological disorders, epilepsy, and sleep disorders.

Electromyography (EMG)/ Electrophysiology (EP)

• Electromyography (EMG) is a form of biofeedback that uses a small electrical current to measure the activity of muscle fibres. EMG is used in research and clinical settings to assess muscular function in patients with neuromuscular disease, evaluate the strength of muscles during rehabilitation exercises, and assess the effectiveness of therapeutic interventions.

• Electrophysiology (EP) is a medicine branch that studies the heart's and other organs' electrical activity. EP includes the study of arrhythmias, which are disorders of the heartbeat, and electrophysiological mapping, which identify areas in the heart that have sustained damage from disease or injury.

Gamma Camera

• A Gamma Camera detects the presence of radioisotopes in the body. It works by measuring the radioactive emissions given off by these substances as they decay and then displaying them on a screen. The emitted radiation comes as an image or a series of numbers.

• The most common use of this device is in nuclear medicine, where it helps physicians diagnose and treat cancer and heart disease by identifying areas of abnormality in the body's tissues and organs. 

Holter Monitoring 

Holter Monitoring involves wearing a portable heart monitor for 24 hours or longer to diagnose various conditions, including irregular heartbeat, heart blockage and other heart problems. 
The device records the heart rhythm continuously during the entire monitoring period. The doctor will review the data and determine if further testing or treatment is needed.

Mammography

• Mammography creates breast images using low-dose X-rays, which a radiologist can view to detect abnormalities in the breast, such as tumours or cysts. Mammograms may also help them evaluate whether a lump is malignant (cancerous) or benign (non-cancerous).

• Mammography screens women at high risk for developing the disease, such as those with a family history of breast cancer. It also monitors women diagnosed with breast cancer after treatment has begun.

MRI Scan

• Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) uses magnetic fields and radio waves to produce high-resolution images of the inside of an object. The strong magnetic fields scan the body and emit energy through radio waves captured by a scanner, forming an image.

• This procedure detects abnormalities in tissues, including the brain, bones, muscles, tendons, ligaments, and tumours.

PET CT Scan

• PET CT Scan combines a PET (Positron Emission Tomography) and a CT(Computerised Tomography) scan to create a more detailed picture of the body. It can detect cancerous tumours, assess brain function, and monitor the effects of cancer treatment. 

• The PET portion measures cellular activity and blood flow, while the CT portion creates a 3D image of the body.

Spirometry

• Spirometry measures the air volume a patient can breathe out. It diagnoses and monitors lung disease to help determine if a person needs extra oxygen. The test involves blowing into a tube, which measures how much air one can exhale in one second. 

• Doctors use the results of this test to see how well the lungs are working. They may recommend a further course of action if they find anything abnormal.

Treadmill Testing (TMT)

• Treadmill Testing, or TMT, measures a person's fitness level and assesses a person's heart health and lung capacity.

• Treadmill Testing happens on a treadmill at speed and inclines dynamically set by the doctor while the doctor monitors the individual's vital signs for changes.

Ultrasound 

• Ultrasound is a form of electromagnetic radiation that medical professionals use to image internal organs, bones and soft tissue. Ultrasound transmits high-frequency sound waves which bounce back off the internal organs they encounter. A probe placed on the patient's skin receives these waves. A computer then processes this reflected signal to create an image of the inside of the body.

• Ultrasound can diagnose body tissues, pregnancy and tumours.

Urodynamic Studies 

• Urodynamic Studies measure pressures inside the bladder, urethra, and ureters and the coordination of muscles associated with urination. They diagnose problems such as incontinence, overactive bladder, or weak pelvic floor muscles.

• Some standard tests under Urodynamic Studies are Bladder Catheterisation, Cystometry, and Uroflowmetry.

X-ray 

• X-rays (electromagnetic radiation) can pass through soft tissues but can not penetrate rigid materials like bones. They are used to obtain pictures of the body's internal structures, such as bones and organs. X-rays work by exposing an object to high-energy electromagnetic radiation and capturing the resulting image on film or a digital detector.

• X-ray machines detect broken bones or foreign objects in the body. They can also take images of the heart, lungs, and other internal organs.

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