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In a world filled with complex diseases, vital sensory organs are often overlooked. However, they take centre stage when you experience issues affecting your quality of life. The ears, nose, and throat, collectively referred to as ENT (ear, nose, and throat) disorders, are crucial. These sensory organs not only, facilitate taste, hearing, and breathing but also serve multiple important functions. Let's explore the most common ENT symptoms and treatments for the top 5 ENT diseases to ensure prompt and effective treatment.
About ENT and Its Conditions
ENT is a medical speciality focused on diagnosing and treating disorders and conditions related to the ear, nose, throat, and areas in the head and neck. ENT specialists, also known as otolaryngologists, are trained to manage and treat various medical and surgical conditions affecting these body areas. These conditions can significantly impact daily life and require prompt diagnosis and treatment. Consult our ENT Doctor in Bhubaneswar to map out your ideal treatment plan.
Top 5 ENT Conditions
1. Ear Infections
Ear infections, also called otitis media, are among the most common ENT disorders. They occur when germs enter and get stuck inside the middle ear or ear canal. It causes pain and drainage from the ear, leading to hearing loss and speech delay in children if left untreated. This disorder is most prevalent in children and is a common childhood disease.
Symptoms
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Ear pain or discomfort
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Fluid drainage from the ear
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Hearing loss
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Fever and chills
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Irritability in infants and young children
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Balance problems
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Nausea and vomiting
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Pain while swallowing
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Sleeping issues
Treatment
To prevent ear infections from becoming acute, one should seek treatment from an ENT specialist at the earliest. Its treatment options are:
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Antibiotics (in case of bacterial infection)
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Pain relievers
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Ear drops
2. Sinusitis
About 134 million Indians suffer from chronic sinusitis1. Sinusitis occurs when the hollow cavities in the skull (surrounding the eyes and nose), called sinuses, become infected by bacteria and viruses or get inflamed due to allergies and other conditions. Its symptoms are similar to those of the common cold but caused by bacteria.
Symptoms
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Nasal congestion and cough
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Facial pain or pressure around the eyes or cheeks
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Postnasal drip
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Thick nasal discharge
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Fever
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Severe headaches
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Difficulty breathing
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Bad breath
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Dizziness
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Toothache
Seek immediate attention and schedule a check-up with an ENT specialist if you experience such symptoms. Persistent symptoms lasting more than 12 weeks can indicate chronic sinusitis.
Treatment
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Nasal decongestants or sprays
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Topical nasal corticosteroids
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Antibiotics (if bacterial)
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Antihistamines
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Pain relievers
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Surgery (last option)
3. Tonsillitis
Tonsilitis is an infection of the tonsils that causes severe throat pain. It is a common illness in children, mostly caused by the common cold, mono, or strep throat.
Symptoms
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Sore throat
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Difficulty swallowing
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Swollen or enlarged tonsils
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White or yellow patches on the tonsils
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Enlarged neck glands
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Fever and chills
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Bad breath
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Difficulty swallowing
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Swelling on the face
Treatment
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Rest and fluids
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Pain relievers
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Antibiotics (if bacterial)
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Tonsillectomy (surgical removal) in severe or recurrent cases
4. Allergic Rhinitis
Allergic rhinitis, also called hay fever, is an allergic reaction caused by allergens- tiny particles in the air such as dust, pollen, mould, insects, or pet dander. Approximately 22% of adolescents in India suffer from allergic rhinitis2. It involves inflammation of the inside of the nose.
Symptoms
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Sneezing
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Runny or stuffy nose
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Itchy or watery eyes
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Tiredness
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Sore throat
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Sinus pressure and headaches
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Nasal congestion
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Fatigue
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Coughing or trouble breathing
Treatment
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Allergy medications (antihistamines, decongestants)
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Nasal sprays (corticosteroids)
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Leukotriene inhibitors
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Immunotherapy (allergy shots)
5. Sleep Apnea
This is a serious sleep disorder in which the cessation of breathing happens while you are asleep. These pauses can last a few seconds to a few minutes and may occur multiple times, during the night. Sleep apnea disrupts normal sleep patterns and can lead to various health complications if left untreated. This condition can affect both adults and children.
Symptoms
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Loud and persistent snoring
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Gasping or choking sensations during sleep
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Excessive daytime sleepiness
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Morning headaches
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Difficulty concentrating or memory problems
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Irritability or mood swings
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Feeling exhausted in the morning
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Dry mouth or sore throat upon waking
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Pauses in breathing while asleep (witnessed by others)
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Insomnia or difficulty staying asleep (awakening abruptly with shortness of breath)
Treatment
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Lifestyle modifications
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Oral Appliances
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Mandibular Advancement Devices (MADs)
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Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) Therapy
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Surgery
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Inspire Therapy
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Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT)
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Medications
Conclusion
These common ENT conditions interfere with your quality of life if not treated promptly. Medication is often sufficient, but surgery may be required if the condition worsens. Early recognition and appropriate management of ENT conditions are crucial for optimal outcomes and avoiding future complications. If you experience persistent symptoms or have concerns about your ENT health, schedule a consultation with our specialists at Manipal Hospitals, Bhubaneswar, for personalised evaluation and treatment.
FAQ's
Swelling below the ear or at the back of the ear can be caused by various factors, including ear infections, lymph node inflammation, allergic reactions, or skin infections. Consult with our ENT specialist for proper diagnosis and treatment.
To reduce the risk of ear infections, practice good hygiene, avoid inserting objects into the ear canal, and manage allergies or respiratory conditions early.
If you have a persistent sore throat accompanied by other symptoms like difficulty swallowing, fever, or swollen glands, consult our ENT specialist immediately for evaluation and personalised treatment.
Allergies cause inflammation and blockage of the sinus passages, leading to chronic sinusitis. Effectively managing allergies can help prevent or alleviate sinusitis symptoms.
To schedule an appointment at Manipal Hospitals, contact our ENT Department or visit our website.
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