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Testicular cancer is a proliferation of cells that begins in the testicles. The testicles (also known as testes) are located in the scrotum. The scrotum is a loose pouch of skin beneath the penis.
The testicles generate both sperm and the hormone testosterone.
Testicular cancer is an uncommon kind of cancer. It can occur at any age but is most common between the ages of 15 and 45. A bulge or lump on a testicle is commonly the first sign of testicular cancer. Cancer cells can develop rapidly and frequently spread beyond the testicle to other areas of the body.
Testicular cancer is relatively curable, even if it spreads to other parts of the body. Treatment options vary depending on the type of testicular cancer and the extent to which it has spread. Surgery and Chemotherapy are common therapeutic options.
The symptoms of testicular cancer are:
The cause of the majority of testicular cancers remains unknown. Testicular cancers are caused by DNA changes in testicle cells, which cause them to grow and multiply quickly. These changes can form tumours, which can eventually spread to other parts of the body, such as the lymph nodes, liver, and lungs. Metastatic testicular cancer is the most common form of testicular cancer. Most testicular cancers begin in germ cells, which produce sperm, but the cause of DNA changes in these cells remains unclear.
The chance of developing testicular cancer increases for males with:
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