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Prostatitis, a condition affecting the prostate gland located just below the bladder, typically manifests with inflammation. About the size of walnuts, the prostate encircles the upper part of the urethra, the tube responsible for emptying the urinary bladder. Alongside other glands, the prostate produces the fluid carrying sperm during ejaculation (semen). Symptoms of prostatitis commonly include pain in the groin, pelvic region, or genitalia, as well as painful or difficult urination. While bacterial infections account for some cases of prostatitis, not all instances are caused by such infections.
Manipal Hospitals offers comprehensive care for prostatitis and related conditions, providing specialised diagnostic and treatment services tailored to individual patient needs. With a team of experienced urologists and state-of-the-art facilities, we ensure prompt diagnosis, effective management, and compassionate care for patients dealing with prostate health issues.
Consult our andrology hospital if you need Prostate Disease Treatment in Broadway, Kolkata.
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Prostatitis has different causes depending on the type:
Pelvic pain syndrome or chronic prostatitis: The exact cause of chronic pelvic pain syndrome and chronic prostatitis is uncertain. Scientists suggest that it may be triggered by factors such as a prior urinary tract infection (UTI), substances in the urine, or nerve damage in the pelvic region.
Bacterial prostatitis, both acute and chronic: Bacterial prostatitis is caused by a bacterial infection of the prostate. The chronic form develops gradually over the years, while the acute form occurs suddenly and lasts briefly. Bacteria from the urethra can enter the prostate and cause infection.
Prostatitis presents varying symptoms depending on the type and cause, often resembling other conditions. Chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome manifests as persistent discomfort in the pelvic region, including the area between the scrotum and anus, lower abdomen, penis, scrotum, and lower back. Pain during or after ejaculation is common, alongside urethral or penile discomfort during urination. Urinary frequency, urgency, weak stream, or interrupted flow may occur. Acute bacterial prostatitis exhibits sudden and severe symptoms like urinary issues, fever, chills, genital or abdominal pain, nausea, and urinary retention. Chronic bacterial prostatitis shares similar symptoms but is typically less intense, persisting for over three months and possibly recurring. It may include painful ejaculation and urinary blockage. Seeking medical attention promptly for acute cases is crucial.
Urinary symptoms unrelated to prostatitis may stem from benign prostatic hyperplasia, urinary tract infections, or bladder conditions. Prostate cancer, indicated by prostatitis symptoms, can pose significant health risks.
Men experiencing any of the following symptoms should promptly seek medical attention:
Complete inability to urinate
Severe, frequent, and urgent urination accompanied by fever, chills, blood in the urine, and intense lower abdominal and urinary tract pain
Certain factors increase the likelihood of developing prostatitis. For bacterial prostatitis, frequent urinary tract infections (UTIs) or recent bladder infections heighten the risk, as does a history of prostatitis, abnormalities in the urinary tract, or the use of catheters. Additionally, individuals with nerve damage or pelvic trauma are more susceptible to chronic pelvic pain syndrome. Moreover, being over 50 years old and having conditions such as an enlarged prostate (benign prostatic hyperplasia) elevates the risk for all types of prostatitis. These factors contribute to the predisposition and occurrence of prostatitis, necessitating awareness and proactive management strategies.
Prostatitis can be identified through a combination of medical history, physical examination, and diagnostic tests. Here are some common methods used for identification:
Medical History: Your doctor will ask about your symptoms, including any pain or discomfort in the pelvic area, difficulty urinating, frequency of urination, sexual activity, and any previous urinary tract infections.
Physical Examination: A digital rectal exam (DRE) may be performed to assess the size, shape, and texture of the prostate gland.
Laboratory Tests: Performs to check for signs of infection or inflammation, such as white blood cells or bacteria in the urine. Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) blood tests may also be conducted to rule out prostate cancer.
Prostate Massage: In some cases, a prostate massage may be performed during a DRE to collect prostatic fluid for further analysis.
Imaging Tests: In certain situations, imaging tests such as ultrasound, MRI, or CT scans may be recommended to visualise the prostate gland and surrounding tissues.
Cystoscopy: A cystoscopy involves inserting a thin, flexible tube with a camera (cystoscope) into the urethra to examine the inside of the bladder and urethra. This procedure may be recommended if other tests fail to provide a clear diagnosis.
Treatments for prostatitis
Acute Bacterial Prostatitis
For acute bacterial prostatitis, intravenous antibiotic therapy may be required, often necessitating hospitalisation. In severe cases involving urinary problems, catheterization may be necessary. Antibiotics are typically effective, and therapy may extend for up to four weeks if needed, with the possibility of using additional medications.
Chronic Bacterial Prostatitis:
Chronic bacterial prostatitis typically requires a longer course of antibiotics, spanning four to twelve weeks. This regimen is successful in approximately 75% of patients, but symptoms may recur, necessitating retreatment. In some cases, low-dose, long-term antibiotic treatment may be prescribed to manage symptoms effectively.
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