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Blood Cancer Treatment in Kolkata

Blood Cancer

Blood Cancer Treatment in Kolkata

Most blood cancers, also known as haematologic tumours, begin in the bone marrow, where blood cells are created. Blood cancers develop when abnormal blood cells grow out of control, interfering with the ability of regular blood cells to fight infections and make new blood cells. All blood malignancies result from DNA changes (mutations) within blood cells. This leads the blood cells to begin developing and functioning improperly. 

DNA is a material found in your cells that regulates how they develop, function, and die. If there is a problem with the DNA inside a blood cell, the cell may fail to form or function properly, die prematurely, or divide and reproduce excessively. This can cause blood cancer. Almost all of these modifications are not in our control. 

At Manipal Hospitals, Broadway, Kolkata, we offer a comprehensive approach to the diagnosis and treatment of blood cancers, including leukaemia, lymphoma, and multiple myeloma. Our team of experienced haematologists, oncologists, and specialised support staff work together to create personalised treatment plans for blood cancer treatment in Kolkata tailored to each patient’s specific needs.
 

FAQ's

The three major kinds of blood and bone marrow cancer are leukaemia, lymphoma, and myeloma. 

  • Leukaemia is a cancer of the body’s blood-forming tissue that affects the bone marrow and lymphatic system. The condition predominantly affects white blood cells.

  • Non-Hodgkin lymphoma is a form of blood cancer that originates in the lymphatic system, which is made up of white blood cells that help the body fight infections. Hodgkin lymphoma is distinguished by the presence of an aberrant lymphocyte known as the Reed-Sternberg cell. The lymphocytes grow abnormally and form growths throughout the body.

  • Multiple myeloma is a blood cancer that develops in plasma cells, which are white blood cells that produce antibodies. 

Blood cancers are produced by mutations in blood cells' genetic material, or DNA. Other risk factors differ depending on the type of blood cancer. The risk factors for developing acute myeloid leukaemia (AML), the most frequent kind of leukaemia in adults, include: 

  • Advancing age 

  • Being male 

  • Exposed to industrial chemicals like benzene

  • Smoking 

  • History of cancer treatment exposure to high radiation doses 

  • History of various blood malignancies

Risk factors for getting Hodgkin lymphoma are: 

  • History of infection such as Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), which causes infectious mononucleosis (mono) 21

  • Advancing age 

  • Family history of Hodgkin lymphoma 

  • Weakened immune system

The risk factors for acquiring non-Hodgkin lymphoma include:

  • Exposure to specific industrial chemicals, herbicides, and insecticides 

  • History of chemotherapy and radiation exposure

  • A history of autoimmune illnesses like lupus or rheumatoid arthritis 

The risk factors for acquiring multiple myeloma are: 

  • Advancing age 

  • African Americans are at a higher risk 

  • Obesity 

People with blood cancer may have a variety of symptoms, including:

  • Unexpected weight loss, bruising, bleeding, and lumps or swellings.

  • Shortness of breath (breathlessness).

  • Drenching night sweats.

  • Persistent, recurring, or severe infections may be accompanied by a fever (37.5°C or higher) that is unexplained.

  • Inexplicable rash or itching of the skin, as well as pain in the bones, joints, or abdomen.

  • Fatigue refers to exhaustion that does not improve with rest or sleep.

  • Pallor (paleness) under your lower eyelid appears white rather than pink.

A physical examination to assess the patient's overall health is often the first step in making a diagnosis. The care team goes over the patient's medical history, examines his or her body and lymph nodes, and searches for symptoms of infection or bruises. The care team may recommend testing and evaluating all results with the patient in order to develop a diagnosis. 

  • Biopsies: A biopsy is a procedure that involves collecting cell samples for analysis by a pathologist in a laboratory setting. Some types of blood cancer, such as lymphoma, may require a lymph node biopsy.

  • Bone marrow testing: Certain types of blood cancer can be diagnosed by testing the bone marrow, which produces blood cells. Doctors use a procedure known as bone marrow aspiration to remove a part of a tissue for examination. 

  • Imaging scans: Some forms of blood cancer respond better to imaging scans than others. A scan may reveal an enlarged lymph node, a frequent symptom of lymphoma.

          Scans contain:

                        - A computed tomography (CT) scan 

                        - Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) 

                        - Positron emission tomography (PET) scan

                         - X-ray 

                         - Ultrasound

                         - Certain scans are used during biopsies to help identify the area to be collected.

  • Blood testing: A complete blood count (CBC) displays the cell count of several blood components, including white blood cells, red blood cells, and platelets.
     

A variety of things will influence the treatment. These include the type of blood cancer you have, your age, the rate at which the cancer progresses, and whether the cancer has spread to other parts of your body. 
Common treatments include the following: 

  • Chemotherapy: Anticancer medications are administered to the body (by injection into a vein or, in certain cases, by swallowing a pill) to kill and prevent the formation of cancer cells. 

  • Radiation Therapy: This type of cancer treatment employs high-energy rays to eliminate cancer cells. 

  • Targeted Therapies: Employ drugs to kill malignant blood cells while leaving healthy ones unharmed during cancer treatments.

  • Stem Cell Transplantation: Healthy stem cells can be put into your body to help restore healthy blood cells. 

  • Cancer surgery: It involves removing the afflicted lymph nodes to treat certain lymphomas. 

  • Immunotherapy: This treatment stimulates the immune system to target and kill cancer cells.

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