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Patent Ductus Arteriosus PDA Device Closure

Patent Ductus Arteriosus PDA Device Closure

Patent Ductus Arteriosus PDA Device Closure in Broadway

Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA) device closure is a minimally invasive procedure used to correct a congenital heart defect where the ductus arteriosus fails to close after birth. In this procedure, a catheter is used to place a device that stops the abnormal blood flow between the pulmonary artery and the aorta. PDA closure surgery in Kolkata is preferred over open-heart surgery due to its less invasive nature, shorter recovery time, and fewer complications.

The success of the procedure can be influenced by factors such as the size of the PDA, the patient’s age, and their overall health. Advancements in technology have improved treatment options and outcomes for PDA patients. The PDA device closure procedure remains a viable option for treating this condition and enhancing patient outcomes.  

FAQ's

Ductus Arteriosus connects the descending aorta to the pulmonary arteries. This vital foetal blood vessel permits the majority of blood to bypass the baby's lungs during foetal development. This ensures that blood carrying oxygen reaches the necessary organs. In the first few days of life after birth, when the baby starts breathing on its own, the ductus arteriosus usually shuts. Blood flow is diverted to the lungs by this closure, where oxygen is taken up. Patent Ductus Arteriosus is a disorder where the ductus arteriosus fails to close. To minimise complications, PDA may require intervention such as closure with the help of a device or surgery. Comprehending the function of the ductus arteriosus is essential for overseeing the cardiovascular well-being of newborns and ensuring adequate oxygenation after delivery.
 

The most common heart problem among newborns, especially affecting premature infants, is  Patent Ductus Arteriosus. Premature babies have higher diagnosis rates, and earlier gestational ages are linked to a higher risk. The chance of PDA increases to approximately 80% for babies born between 25 and 28 weeks of gestation, whereas 10% of newborns born between 30 and 37 weeks of pregnancy experience this condition. Approximately 90% of newborns delivered before 24 weeks of pregnancy have PDA, which is the greatest occurrence. For early diagnosis and effective treatment of the condition in newborn care, it is essential to comprehend these risk factors.

The precise causes of PDA are yet unknown; family history and genetics may be involved. Maternal rubella infection during pregnancy increases the likelihood of PDA in the foetus, among other possible causes. Furthermore, there is a correlation between a higher risk of having PDA and neonatal respiratory distress syndrome, which is caused by insufficient surfactant in the lungs before birth. It is easier to identify infants who are at risk and to put the right medical measures in place when these potential factors are understood.

Depending on the duct's size, Patent Ductus Arteriosus symptoms can change. Other than a heart murmur, small PDAs do not cause any symptoms at all. However, larger PDAs can cause: 

  • Poor weight gain
  • Tiredness 
  • Quick pulse or heart rate
  • Perspiration during feedings
  • Shortness of breath (dyspnea)
  • Rapid breathing

It is essential to identify these symptoms to diagnose PDA in newborns as soon as possible and treat it appropriately.
 

To ensure safety and effectiveness, a professional medical team continuously monitors the patient throughout the process. The exact implantation of the catheter and the occlusion device within the heart is guided by sophisticated imaging technologies like Fluoroscopy and Echocardiography. The device is released to close the Patent Ductus Arteriosus after it has been verified to be in the proper position. After the catheter is carefully withdrawn, the puncture site is usually sealed to reduce bleeding and encourage healing using a closure device or dissolvent sutures. Patients are frequently discharged the same day or after a brief hospital stay after being monitored for a short while following the procedure.
 

Compared to open heart surgery, PDA device closure usually involves less pain and suffering, allowing patients to resume their regular activities sooner. There is typically less stress on the surrounding tissues and organs because it is a minimally invasive operation, which lowers the chance of complications after the surgery. Furthermore, PDA Device Closure's smaller incisions result in better cosmetic outcomes, including less scarring and more pleasing appearances. For patients looking for a congenital heart problem treatment that is both successful and has positive aesthetic effects, this makes it an encouraging option.
 

Patients should adhere to any post-procedure advice given by their healthcare team during the recovery phase. These instructions may include limitations on physical activity and prescriptions to promote recovery. Although some patients may first feel a little uncomfortable or tired, these symptoms usually go away quickly. Cardiologists can evaluate the success of the closure, keep an eye out for any issues, and offer continuing advice for long-term cardiac health during follow-up visits. 
 

Conservative therapy may not address the underlying problem in symptomatic or complex situations, even though it may involve routine monitoring and lifestyle changes, including avoiding intense activities. In such cases, PDA Device Closure or surgical closure are seen as more conclusive therapies to prevent long-term problems and enhance the quality of life. 
 

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