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Thyroid Disorders Treatment in Kolkata

Thyroid Disorders

Thyroid Disorders Treatment in Kolkata

Thyroid problems include a wide range of conditions that can cause the gland to produce either too little (hypothyroidism) or too much thyroid hormone. It generates hormones that help regulate blood pressure, body temperature, heart rate, metabolism, and the body's response to other hormones. The thyroid produces two main hormones known as triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4). The gland also generates calcitonin, which aids bone cells in processing calcium and incorporating it into the bones. Thyroid issues can have an impact on heart rate, mood, energy levels, metabolism, bone health, pregnancy, and a variety of other processes. Thyroid disorder symptoms vary depending on whether the thyroid produces too few or too many hormones. Some thyroid disorders are autoimmune, meaning the body's immune system attacks the thyroid gland. Thyroid diseases are frequently treated successfully, and depending on the illness. Thyroid Disorders Treatment in Kolkata may include medication, surgery, or other forms of therapy.  

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FAQ's

Thyroid disorders encompass a range of conditions that require medical attention, including:

  • Graves' Disease: This autoimmune disorder causes hyperthyroidism, leading to symptoms like sweating, an irregular heartbeat (arrhythmia), weight loss, bulging eyes (exophthalmos), and anxiety. It occurs due to antibodies attacking the thyroid gland.
  • Hypothyroidism: It happens when there is insufficient thyroid hormone production by the thyroid gland, specifically thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3).
  • Hyperthyroidism: It is characterised by an overactive thyroid gland that secretes too much thyroid hormone, mainly triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4). 
  • Thyroid Nodules and Adenomas: These are noncancerous growths on the thyroid gland's surface. Adenomas can release thyroid hormone, causing hyperthyroidism.
  • Thyroid Cancer: Types include papillary, follicular, anaplastic, and medullary thyroid cancer. While more common in individuals exposed to head, neck, or chest radiation, it can occur without known risk factors. Most cases are treatable.
  • Thyroid Diseases in Women: These disorders can disrupt hormone balance, affecting puberty, menstruation, fertility, pregnancy, and the postpartum period.
  • Postpartum Thyroiditis: Occurring after childbirth, this condition involves swelling of the thyroid gland and can cause temporary hyper- or hypothyroidism. It resolves in about 80% of cases within 12 to 18 months with appropriate treatment.

Understanding these different thyroid disorders helps in recognising symptoms early and seeking timely medical care for effective management and treatment.

Thyroid problems may be caused by:

  • Iodine deficiency 
  • Autoimmune illnesses, such as Graves' disease or Hashimoto's disease
  • Genetic factors
  • Radiation exposure
  • Pregnancy and hormonal changes
  • Nodules, or non-cancerous tumours

People who lead sedentary lifestyles with little physical activity have low levels of thyroxine. Take notice that it is the hormone in charge of vital body activities such as heart rate and energy levels. A lack of physical activity is detrimental and increases the likelihood of an underactive thyroid.
 

Having an excess of thyroid hormones can produce uncomfortable and sometimes dangerous conditions that may necessitate therapy. An overactive thyroid can affect anyone, although it is around ten times more common in women than in men and usually occurs between the ages of 20 and 40.
 

Symptoms of an overactive thyroid may include:

  • Persistent thirst
  • Increased urination
  • Weight loss despite increased hunger
  • Nervousness
  • Anxiety
  • Irritation
  • Mood swings
  • Difficulties sleeping and constant tiredness
  • Heat sensitivity and muscular weakness
  • Swelling in the neck produced by an enlarged thyroid gland (goitre) 
  • Palpitations are irregular and/or unusually fast heartbeats.
  • Twitching or trembling
  • Sweating excessively
  • Red palms
  • Hives (urticaria) 
  • Itchy rash
  • Uneven hair loss or thinning 
  • Eye issues like redness, dryness and vision impairment
     

In some circumstances, thyroid diseases can indeed be completely treated. While many thyroid disorders need to be continuously managed, there are some forms of hyperthyroidism that can be successfully treated and even healed. 

For example, most people with thyroid cancer can be treated with surgery and radioactive iodine therapy.
 

However, with the right treatment, you should be able to live a regular, healthy life. If an underactive thyroid is not treated, it can cause issues such as:

  • Heart disease
  • Goitre
  • Pregnancy problems
  • Myxoedema coma (rare case)
     

Stress exacerbates autoimmune thyroid illnesses such as Graves' disease and Hashimoto's thyroiditis, resulting in increased thyroid hormone and decreased TSH levels.
 

If your thyroid problem is not properly managed, it might lead to major health complications.

  • An enlarged thyroid, often known as a goitre, can cause difficulty swallowing and breathing.
  • Graves' illness can cause vision and skin issues.

An overactive thyroid can cause problems like:

  • Cardiac difficulties, such as a fast heart rate, rhythm abnormalities (such as atrial fibrillation), or heart failure.
  • Osteoporosis is a decrease in bone density.

An underactive thyroid (hypothyroidism) can lead to issues like:

  • High cholesterol
  • High blood pressure
  • Cardiac disease
     

The type of thyroid illness and its cause determine how it is treated. The goal is to restore your thyroid hormone levels to a normal range. There are several therapy options for hyperthyroidism: 

  • Antithyroid medicines (methimazole and propylthiouracil) prevent the thyroid from producing hormones. 
  • Radioiodine (radioactive iodine) therapy: This treatment destroys the cells in your thyroid, stopping it from producing high quantities of thyroid hormone.
  • Beta-blockers: These medications do not impact the thyroid, but they can help with some symptoms, such as a high heart rate. 
  • Surgery: Your healthcare professional may prescribe surgical thyroid removal (thyroidectomy) as a more permanent therapeutic option. This will prevent it from producing hormones. However, you'll need to take synthetic thyroid replacement hormones (pills).
     

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