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Gastrointestinal Surgery addresses illnesses affecting the body’s digestive system. The surgeries are broadly categorised as follows based on the segment of the gastric tract involved:
Different symptoms and approaches to treatment are associated with diseases in each of these intestinal sections. Consequently, whenever you experience abnormal symptoms, it is crucial to consult a doctor for help. Immediate medical attention is advised for any new rectal bleeding, abdominal pain, altered bowel habits, or unexplained weight loss. Additionally, a new lump or swelling should be promptly examined by a professional.
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The GI tract is another term for your body's digestive tract. It is made up of many tube-like organs that connect from the oesophagus in the mouth to the anus. Each part of the GI tract has an impact on how your body digests (breaks down) food and absorbs nutrients.
The GI tract is composed of the following organs:
Oesophagus
Stomach
Small intestine (small bowel)
Large intestine (colon)
Rectum
Anus
The digestive system also includes organs that are not part of the gastrointestinal tract. These organs include:
Gallbladder
Liver
Pancreas
Gastrointestinal Surgery involves several surgical procedures for diagnosing and treating gastrointestinal disorders. Surgery can be performed on both the lower and upper gastrointestinal tracts.
GI surgery treats conditions like:
Esophageal disorders
Liver problems
Colorectal cancer
GI haemorrhage
Gastric acid reflux
Gallbladder disease
Gastrointestinal cancer
Hernia
Inflammatory bowel disease
The type of GI surgery determines how to prepare for it. Your doctor will provide extensive advice on how to prepare for surgery.
Typically, you will be restricted from eating or drinking before the surgery.
You may be advised to cease using certain drugs or supplements before surgery.
It is recommended to start a liquid diet two or three days before the procedure. Follow your doctor's recommendations when using medications and antibiotics.
Bowel preparations are done just before the surgery. Take the prescribed laxatives as directed by your doctor to ensure a trouble-free, seamless procedure.
Different techniques for GI Surgery include:
Open surgery is a conventional surgical approach that involves making a wide incision in the body to gain access to internal organs.
Endoscopy: The surgeon inserts a thin, long, camera-equipped tube (endoscope) into the mouth, nose, or another natural bodily opening. They also introduce surgical instruments within the scope of the surgery.
Laparoscopic Surgery involves making small keyhole incisions in the abdomen using a laparoscope. They use a laparoscope and surgical equipment to operate on the affected area.
Robotic Surgery: Robot-assisted Surgery is a computer system in which surgeons use mechanical arms to perform surgery while viewing a monitor that displays internal anatomy. Because of its range of motion, it provides greater finesse and precision than human arms. It is minimally invasive and allows patients to recuperate faster.
Hospital stays typically range from four to seven days, depending on the procedure and recuperation involved. You have to take the prescribed medicines as directed by your physician and take good care of your incision. To prevent infection, thoroughly wash your hands before handling any bandages. If your bandages get wet, change them frequently, even every day.
If you experience any symptoms, such as fever, pus-filled drainage, redness, or any other surgical wound infection close to your incision, call your doctor right away. To prevent complications, make and keep your follow-up appointment one to two weeks following surgery.
Minimally invasive procedures provide numerous benefits, including:
Shorter hospital stays
Surgery has fewer consequences, like blood loss
Less pain following surgery
Faster recovery
Less noticeable scar
The recovery period for Gastrointestinal Surgery varies greatly depending on the specifics of your procedure. Individual factors, such as your overall health, can have an impact.
Routine operations, such as Hernia Repair Surgery, are frequently performed as outpatient surgeries (you return home the same day). More complex surgeries, including Pancreatic or Liver Surgery, necessitate a hospital stay.
Every surgery has potential risks and complications. The quantity and severity of your symptoms, however, are determined by how well you take care of yourself. The following are some concerns or adverse consequences to be aware of:
Pain: Depending on the procedure you underwent, the level of pain and soreness may change. Any prescription drugs and pain relievers that your doctors recommend must be taken.
Bleeding: While bleeding following surgery is typical, individuals should be aware of this and seek medical attention if it persists or becomes severe.
Infection: Given how susceptible your body is following surgery, there is a chance of infection.
Reaction to anaesthesia: A reaction to anaesthesia may cause nausea and vomiting in certain people.
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