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Critical Care Nephrology in Kolkata

Critical Care Nephrology

Critical Care Nephrology in Kolkata

Critical Care Nephrology is an emerging speciality that treats acute kidney injury and renal complications in critically ill patients. It offers a multidisciplinary treatment approach for a broad range of renal problems in critically ill patients admitted to the intensive care unit, including Electrolyte Imbalances, Fluid Balance Management, Renal Replacement Treatment (RRT) such as Hemodialysis or continuous Renal Replacement Therapy (CRRT), and AKI caused by sepsis, shock, or medication toxicity. Intensivists, nephrologists, and other experts work with critical care nephrologists to maximise patient outcomes, reduce complications, and raise survival rates in this susceptible group. Consult our hospital in Broadway if you need services related to Critical Care Nephrology in Kolkata. 
 

Get the best treatment for Kidney diseases from our experts at Manipal Hospitals. It is caused by reduced blood flow to the kidneys. Book an appointment today.

FAQ's

The conditions listed below are addressed under critical care nephrology: 

  • Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a degenerative condition that gradually impairs kidney function over time

  • Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a sudden, abrupt loss of kidney function that frequently 

  • happens as a result of a serious illness, trauma, or drug side effects

  • Hypertension (High Blood Pressure) If left untreated, it can cause damage to the kidneys

  • Diabetic Nephropathy is a diabetes-related kidney disease that is a common concern

  • Glomerular Disease is a condition that impacts the kidney's small filters, known as glomeruli

  • The formation of kidney cysts is a characteristic of the genetic disease known as polycystic kidney disease (PKD). 

  • A set of signs and symptoms of kidney impairment that are frequently linked to autoimmune disorders or diabetes is known as the Nephrotic Syndrome

  • Electrolyte deficiencies, including those in sodium, potassium, calcium, and phosphorus, are monitored and treated by nephrologists

Critical care offers a wide range of advanced treatments, which include: 

  • Renal Replacement Therapy (RRT): For patients suffering from severe kidney failure, this involves hemodialysis, hemodiafiltration, peritoneal dialysis, and continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT)

  • Plasmapheresis: Plasmapheresis is a specialised technique frequently used in autoimmune kidney disorders that involves removing toxic chemicals from the blood

  • Kidney biopsies: By analysing a small sample of kidney tissue, these procedures enable determining the underlying cause of kidney disease

  • Peritoneal Dialysis (PD): Patients who are seriously ill may occasionally benefit from peritoneal dialysis. It involves the elimination of waste through the natural filtering action of the peritoneal membrane of the abdomen

  • Vascular Access Management: It's critical to guarantee appropriate vascular access to hemodialysis. Arteriovenous fistulas, or grafts, are carefully created and maintained by nephrologists

The types of renal failure include: 

  • Acute renal injury or acute renal failure

  • Chronic renal disease or chronic renal failure

  • Acute-on-chronic renal failure

  • End-stage renal disease


The normal course of acute kidney injury has four stages:  

  1. Initiation

  2. Oligo-anuria

  3. Polyuria

  4. Restitution

 

  • Initiation: A sudden decline in kidney function, characterised by oliguria/anuria and electrolyte abnormalities, is caused by precipitating causes such as hypoperfusion or nephrotoxic insults during the acute renal failure start stage, requiring immediate management. 

  • Oligo-anuria: Oligo-anuria stage in acute renal failure is characterised by significantly reduced urine output or complete absence of urine production, indicating severe impairment of kidney function and potentially life-threatening complications. 

  • Polyuria: Due to reduced kidney function, increased urine production occurs in acute renal failure (polyuria). This can result in fluid and electrolyte imbalances, dehydration, and associated consequences such as volume depletion and abnormal electrolyte levels. 

  • Restitution: Recovery of normal renal structure and function following the initial injury is a hallmark of the restoration stage in acute renal failure, which is characterised by a progressive return of kidney function.

Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) is defined as an abrupt decrease in urine output and/or a rise in serum creatinine levels. It is a quick and frequently reversible deterioration in kidney function. Dehydration, infections, drugs, and kidney injury from illnesses like ischemia or nephrotoxicity are common causes. AKI necessitates immediate medical treatment to determine the underlying cause, treat it, stop additional kidney damage, and start the proper management, which may involve renal replacement therapy, medication modifications, or fluid resuscitation. 
 

Acute kidney failure may present with the following signs and symptoms:

  • Reduced urine production  

  • Fluid Retention, which results in oedema in your ankles, feet, or legs

  • Breathlessness

  • Exhaustion and Perplexity

  • Weakness with Nausea

  • Irregular heartbeat

  • Chest pressure, 

  • Chest Pain

  • Seizures or an Advanced Coma 

Acute Kidney Injury treatment generally requires hospital stays. The majority of patients with Acute Renal Injury are already hospitalised for another illness. The reason for your  Acute Kidney Injury and the rate at which your kidneys heal will determine how long you will be admitted to the hospital. Dialysis might be required in more severe situations to help replace renal function while your kidneys heal. Treating the underlying cause of your acute kidney damage is the primary objective of your healthcare professional. Up until your kidneys heal, your healthcare practitioner will try to treat all of your problems and symptoms. 

Following an Acute Kidney Injury, you have an increased risk of developing further health issues (such as renal disease, stroke, or heart disease) or developing AKI once more in the future. Every time a Kidney Injury happens, there's a greater possibility of developing renal disease and kidney failure. You should monitor your kidney function and recovery with your healthcare practitioner to safeguard yourself. Preventing acute kidney injury or identifying and treating it as soon as possible are the best approaches to reducing your risk of developing kidney damage and preserving renal function. 
 

Renal failure, also known as end-stage kidney disease (ESKD), is the last stage of the course of chronic kidney disease (CKD). When you have chronic renal disease, your kidneys are unable to function normally. You must need dialysis or a kidney transplant for treatment if they fail. 
 


Many times, early kidney disease is symptomless. Certain individuals could be unaware of their renal disease until their kidneys start failing. When your kidneys start to fail, you could experience underlying symptoms like: 

  • Perplexity.

  • Itching all over.

  • Lack of appetite.

  • Metallic taste in the mouth

  • Jerks, or stiffening of the muscles.

  • Vomiting as well as Nausea.

  • Breathlessness.

  • Swelling in the ankles or feet.

  • Excessive or insufficient output of pee.

  • Problems falling asleep or staying up too late

Should you have any of these symptoms, you ought to get in touch with a medical professional right away.
 

Treatments for end-stage renal failure consist of: 

  • Dialysis: Initiate hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis to manage electrolyte imbalances and remove toxins. 

  • Kidney Transplant: A Kidney Transplant involves surgically implanting a healthy kidney from a donor into a recipient with end-stage renal disease, providing an opportunity for improved renal function and quality of life. 

  • Supportive Care: Supportive care aims to alleviate symptoms, manage side effects, and enhance quality of life through non-curative interventions such as pain management, emotional support, and assistance with activities of daily living. It complements primary treatments and focuses on addressing the holistic needs of patients and their families. 

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