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If you see or feel a bulge popping out occasionally through your front abdominal wall, then you might have a ventral hernia. Hernias are common and usually aren’t always an emergency, but most of the severe forms will eventually need surgical repair. A ventral hernia is a hernia that bulges out through your abdominal muscles. It can occur at any place on your abdominal wall. Hernias occur as the layers of the abdominal wall become weak or thin, thus allowing the contents of the abdominal cavity to push through.
In the case of strangulated ventral hernia, intestinal tissue is stuck tightly within an opening in your abdominal wall. It's difficult to push this tissue back into your abdominal cavity, and the blood flow gets interrupted. This type of ventral hernia is considered an emergency and requires surgery. The Surgical Gastrological Care Department of Manipal Hospitals, Broadway, will provide comprehensive patient care for all types of hernias with a multidisciplinary approach.
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The first sign of a ventral hernia is typically a visible bulge in front of your abdominal wall. You may only see it emerge occasionally when your abdomen contracts during certain activities or in certain positions, such as:
You may feel the hernia when it pops out or when some movement pulls it, compresses it, or pinches it. Usually, it feels like a tug, a dull, or a sharper pain. Hernia pain is a sign of a large hernia.
Other symptoms of a more severe hernia include:
A hernia bulges out through the abdomen because of the weakness in the muscle or tissue barrier that contains it. Sometimes, the weakness is present at birth. Other times, an event, such as an injury or surgery, may cause it. And in a few cases, it happens over time through gradual wear and tear.
Common causes that contribute to ventral hernias include:
A congenital weak spot (birth defect)
Connective tissue diseases
Ageing and natural muscle degeneration
Chronic obesity
Abdominal injury
Abdominal surgery
Pregnancy and childbirth
Chronic coughing
Severe breathing difficulties (such as COPD or emphysema)
Chronic constipation
Jobs involving frequent lifting or pushing
Usually, the ventral hernia is identified through a physical examination. If they don’t find it easily, they may ask you to try different positions or actions to make it emerge. In some cases, you have to undergo an abdominal ultrasound, CT scan, or MRI to confirm the diagnosis.
In most cases, ventral hernias can be repaired eventually. A hernia is considered non-serious if it doesn’t cause you any symptoms or if you can still push it back. But hernias still tend to worsen over time, and as they do, they may become more severe and much more difficult to fix. A ventral hernia that can’t be pushed back is an emergency and should be evaluated immediately.
Your care providers will recommend surgery to repair ventral hernias when:
It can’t be pushed back in
It causes frequent symptoms, such as pain
Your overall health condition can withstand surgery
If your child has an umbilical hernia at birth, it will usually heal by itself within a few years. If it doesn’t, their provider will recommend surgery to prevent its growth
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