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Pulmonary Arteriovenous Malformation AVM Closure

Pulmonary Arteriovenous Malformation AVM Closure

Pulmonary Arteriovenous Malformation AVM Closure in Dhakuria

Pulmonary arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are abnormal tangles of blood vessels in the lungs. These malformations create a direct connection between arteries and veins, bypassing the tiny capillaries essential for oxygen exchange. This can lead to low blood oxygen levels and the potential for bleeding or blood clots to travel to the brain.

Pulmonary AVM closure, also known as Embolisation, is a minimally invasive procedure to block the abnormal blood vessels within the AVM. Our interventional radiologists insert a catheter (thin tube) through a small incision, usually in the groin. Guided by X-ray imaging, the catheter is carefully threaded into the AVM site. Small coils, plugs, or other specialised devices are then released to seal off the malformation, rerouting blood flow through normal lung pathways.

Techniques for pulmonary AVM closure are continually evolving. Some advancements include:

  • Improved embolic materials
  • 3D imaging
  • Combined approaches

FAQ's

Our doctors will perform a comprehensive assessment to determine if you are a suitable candidate for Pulmonary AVM Closure. This includes factors like the size and location of your AVMs, your overall health status, and the severity of your symptoms. Imaging studies such as a CT scan or MRI will be critical to visualise the AVM. Our doctors might also order blood tests to assess your oxygen levels and look for signs of any potential complications. Consultation with your physicians will help decide if the benefits of closure outweigh the risks for you.

The operation is carried out by an interventional radiologist who specialises in minimally invasive, image-guided procedures. To ensure your comfort, you will be given sedative or light anaesthesia. Our doctors will then make a small incision in your groin to insert a catheter (a thin, flexible tube). X-rays or other imaging are used to guide the catheter into the blood artery that contains the AVM. Once there, tiny coils, plugs, or other specialist embolic devices are used to prevent abnormal blood flow and redirect it to healthy channels.

Most patients require an overnight hospital stay for observation, although recovery is usually rather quick. You might anticipate returning to normal activities within a few days to a week. Some chest soreness or discomfort is normal at first, but it normally goes away quickly with over-the-counter Medications.  

 

Pulmonary AVM Closure is regarded as a safe surgery with a low complication risk. However, like with any medical operation, there are hazards involved. These include bleeding, infection, and the possibility of the embolic material moving away from its intended location (migration).  Complications such as strokes or air embolisms might occur infrequently.

Regular follow-up sessions following AVM Closure are required to assess its effectiveness. Imaging investigations will assist in determining whether the AVM remains closed and whether any new AVMs have formed. Additional therapy may be required in a limited number of cases, especially for bigger or more complex AVMs.

If you have Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia (HHT), a genetic condition that increases the risk of developing an AVM, you must be monitored for the rest of your life.  Regular screening for AVMs in the lungs and other organs is essential. Your doctors may recommend imaging tests at regular intervals. If you have HHT, genetic counselling can be quite beneficial.

Finding a trained interventional radiologist with substantial experience in Pulmonary AVM Closure is critical. Seek referrals from your primary care physician or other reputable doctors. Major medical institutions frequently have competence in addressing complex vascular problems. Investigate the doctor's qualifications, experience, and patient outcomes. Don't be afraid to ask questions during your consultations to ensure you are comfortable with the physician's approach.

The Pulmonary AVM Closure Surgery is carried out under sedation or light anaesthesia. During this time you should not feel any pain. You may feel some discomfort at the catheter insertion site and chest soreness afterwards, but this is normally treatable with medication.

Surgical removal of an AVM may be considered for some patients, based on criteria such as its size and location. In other circumstances, where neither closure nor surgery are appropriate, diligent monitoring with medication to treat symptoms may be the best option. Our doctors will go over all of the available options, as well as the potential benefits and hazards for your particular instance.

For the majority of patients, Pulmonary AVM Closure is an effective, long-term solution. It can considerably increase oxygen levels, reduce weariness and shortness of breath, and lessen the risk of bleeding and stroke. Regular follow-up is necessary to watch for recurrence, but many patients who successfully complete closure can live normal, and healthy lives.

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