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With increasing age, the brain’s volume shrinks gradually, which makes some of the nerve cells in the brain shrink and lose connections with other nerve cells. Moreover, the flow of blood in the brain also slows down as we age, thus leading to a considerable decline in cognitive function. This decline causes memory loss and lapses in geriatric people. While cognitive impairment in older adults is sometimes associated with dementia, including Alzheimer’s, in other cases, it is simply a part of ageing and thus, it can be prevented to a great extent by following these steps:
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Controlling high blood pressure and cholesterol problems: These conditions can significantly increase the risk for stroke and heart diseases, which have been found to massively contribute to the development of certain forms of dementia. As per recent research, good cardiovascular health, which includes normal blood pressure, healthy cholesterol levels and normal blood sugar, is associated with better cognitive ability.
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Avoiding drinking or smoking excessively: Smoking and drinking considerably increase the risk for dementia and contribute to rapid cognitive decline and thus, must be avoided to maintain good cognitive function.
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Exercising regularly: Regular physical exercise has been found to help maintain the flow of blood to the brain and reduce the risk for conditions, such as high blood pressure, that augment the likelihood of dementia.
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Eating a healthy diet: Recent research has found that B vitamins, omega-3 fatty acids and vitamin E help mitigate the likelihood of dementia. In addition, researchers have found strong evidence that berries, seafood and green leafy vegetables are neuroprotective. Doctors generally recommend the consumption of the Mediterranean diet, which includes lots of vegetables and fish, to mitigate cognitive decline in older adults.
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Getting quality sleep: Quality sleep is important for both young and older adults, as it not only ensures that the brain and the muscles are properly rested but also helps the brain store memories, thus playing a crucial role in mitigating memory loss and cognitive impairment.
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Performing mentally stimulating activities: As per the Alzheimer’s Association, performing mentally stimulating activities, including working a mentally stimulating job may help develop cognitive reserve. Furthermore, acquiring various skills in old age may help delay or reduce the cognitive decline associated with ageing.
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Socializing more: Making new acquaintances and friends or spending more time with loved ones might be good for the brain. As per research, older adults who have a large social circle and spend a lot of time with family and friends are less likely to develop dementia than those who don’t socialize much.
Manipal Hospital is one of the best neurology hospital in Goa and has the best neurologist in Goa who are constantly pushing the limits and seeking novel methods to improve diagnosis and therapies for patients with neurological disorders through their research and collaboration with researchers worldwide.
Dr. Safal Shetty
Consultant - Neurologist
Manipal Hospital Goa
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