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Management of Pituitary and Hypothalamic Diseases in Hebbal, Bangalore

Management of Pituitary and Hypothalamic Diseases

Pituitary and Hypothalamic Disorders in Bangalore

Hypothalamic diseases occur when there is a problem with the hypothalamus, a part of the brain. The hypothalamus controls the pituitary gland and regulates many bodily functions. Pituitary glands are parts of the brain’s endocrine system, small glands located at the base of the brain. It is located just below the hypothalamus. Pituitary gland controls,

  • Testes

  • Ovaries

  • Thyroid and Adrenal glands.

Hypopituitarism: A condition called hypopituitarism occurs when your pituitary gland is not producing enough hormones or if it produces too few hormones. When you have hypopituitarism, there is a short supply (deficit) of one or more pituitary hormones. These hormone deficiencies can affect growth, blood pressure, and reproduction. A lack of one or more hormones can cause a variety of symptoms. People with hypopituitarism may need lifetime medication to manage their condition. You need to take medication to replace the missing hormones to control your symptoms.

Symptoms

Hypopituitarism results in different signs and symptoms based on which pituitary hormones are affected and how severe they are. The symptoms of the first pituitary hormone deficiency can increase or, in some cases, be hidden when a person has more than one deficiency.

Deficiency of Growth Hormone (GH): Children's short stature and growth problems may result from GH deficiency. Some adults with GH deficiency do not have any symptoms, but others may experience,

  • Social isolation

  • Fatigue

  • Muscle weakness

  • Ambition deficit 

  • Body fat composition changes

Deficient Luteinising (LH) and Follicle-stimulating Hormones (FSH): A deficiency of these hormones, called gonadotropins, affects reproduction. As a result, women's ovaries produce less estrogen and eggs. The lack decreases testosterone and sperm production in men. Sexual drive, infertility, and fatigue may occur in both women and men. A child's or adolescent's only symptom is delayed puberty.

Symptoms women may experience include,

  • Having hot flashes

  • A lack of or irregular periods

  • Pubic hair loss

  • Inability to produce breast milk

  • Symptoms that men may experience include:

  • Problems with erectile function

  • A decrease in facial or body hair

  • Mood swings

Also, Low thyroid hormone levels are caused by a TSH deficiency (hypothyroidism). Vasopressin, also known as Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH), helps to balance your body's fluid levels. ADH deficiency can lead to diabetes insipidus, which causes:

  • Extreme thirst and Excessive urination

  • Electrolyte imbalances

The hormone prolactin tells the body when to start producing breast milk. The lack of prolactin can make breastfeeding difficult for women.

Diagnosis

The diagnosis of all the above said hormonal deficiencies includes,

Blood Test: Your hormone levels are measured with these tests. For instance, blood tests can detect low thyroid, adrenal, or sex hormone levels. These tests can determine if low levels are linked to pituitary hormone production.

Dynamic or Stimulatory Testing: These tests can also measure your hormone levels. After taking medication to stimulate hormone production, these tests check your body's hormone levels.

Brain Imaging: It is possible to detect a pituitary tumour or other pituitary gland problems via Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) or Computerised Tomography (CT) of your brain.

Vision Tests: Your sight or visual fields can be evaluated using these tests if you have been affected by the growth of a pituitary tumour.

Treatment Procedures

Taking medication to restore your hormone levels to normal is often necessary as the first step in treating hypopituitarism. Because hormone replacement matches the amounts your body would produce without a pituitary problem, it is usually referred to as hormone replacement therapy. The medication may need to be taken for the rest of your life. It is possible to wholly or partially restore pituitary hormone production in some cases after treating the condition causing hypopituitarism.

Medications

There are several types of hormone replacement medications,

Corticosteroids: Adrenal hormones, like hydrocortisone (Cortef) and prednisone (Rayos), are replaced with these drugs when adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) levels are low.

Levothyroxine (Levoxyl, Synthroid, etc.): The medication treats hypothyroidism caused by a thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) deficiency.

Sex Hormones: In men, testosterone is present, while in women, estrogen or estrogen and progesterone are present. Testosterone can be administered by injection or through the skin using patches or gels. Pills, gels, and patches can be used to replace female hormones.

Surgical Procedures

In some cases, pituitary tumours can be removed surgically by providing hypothalamic diseases treatment in Hebbal, Bangalore. Depending on the underlying cause, radiation treatment or medications may be recommended. Book an appointment at Manipal Hospitals to know more about treatments with the help of best doctors in Bangalore. 

Experience world-class healthcare at Manipal Hospitals. Our expert team of doctors and state-of-the-art facilities ensure personalized and advanced treatments. Take the first step towards wellness. Book an appointment today.

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