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Post-operative Care to transplant Patients, Critically ill, surgical Patients in Hebbal, Bangalore

Post-operative Care to Transplant Patients, Critically ill, Surgical Patients

Post-operative Care to transplant Patients, Critically ill, surgical Patients in Hebbal, Bangalore

Patients who have had a recent organ transplant may suffer from complexities.  They have extensive past medical history, several comorbidities, polypharmacy, and needs that are specific to the transplant. The immunocompromised status of these patients can lead to infectious complications and probable life-threatening organ dysfunction. Post-operative Care in Hebbal, Bangalore of such patients requires doctors with specialised knowledge and cooperation between specialist teams, leading to multi-disciplinary care. 

Immunosuppressive Therapy in Solid Organ Transplantation

Immunosuppressive therapy is tailor made and is specific for different organs. In most of the cases, a Calcineurin Inhibitor (CNI; cyclosporine or tacrolimus) is used. Intravenous administration is used for patients who cannot take medication orally.

Right after transplant surgery, the patient is kept in a unit for close monitoring to ensure that,

  • The body is not rejecting the new organ

  • The patient doesn't have any side effect from immunosuppressive medications

Infectious Complications

For transplant recipients, there is the probability of getting a broad spectrum of various infections, whose clinical symptoms and signs are generally atypical. Diagnosis procedures are specific and generally invasive to enable the right treatment. Since for such patients, diagnostics and therapies are both challenging, it is beneficial to have a multi-disciplinary team and consultation with a specialist in infectious diseases.

In case of solid organ transplantation, infections happen in a predictable pattern. In the first weeks post transplantation, generally surgery-related and donor-derived infections are encountered, such as, urinary catheter-related, wound related, and ventilator related pneumonia. Generally, transplant patients are given prophylaxis for CytoMegaloVirus (CMV), Pneumocystis Jirovecii Pneumonia (PJP), and at times for fungi (Candida of the esophagus and oropharynx). Though PJP-prophylaxis is universal, CMV-prophylaxis is used when the recipient or donor is CMV-seropositive and is long duration continued for recipients who are CMV-seronegative. 

Every recipient of a transplant is given glucocorticoids, mycophenolate, and tacrolimus.  These drugs come with various drug to drug interactions and side-effects.  Some of the complications commonly encountered are surgical complications, acute kidney injury, rejection, and infections. Such infections like PJP and CMV are preventable by using prophylactic treatment. Due to its complexity, organ transplant recipients are to be cared for by a multidisciplinary team of surgeons, intensivists, transplant specialists and pharmacists.

Organ Acceptance

After a heart transplant, there is a need for a temporary pacemaker till the conduction system recovers. If there is a heart stiffening or raised cardiac markers, it indicates rejection. Endomyocardial biopsy through the right jugular vein needs its preservation.

With lung transplant, early intervention for aspiration can prevent chronic rejection. Infection risk is high and constant surveillance and treatment is required, majorly for fungal infections.

Since the liver is immunotolerant, it needs lower immunosuppression. Generally, transplantation surgery will cause coagulopathy and massive blood loss. There can be various different complications, too, such as stenosis, biliary leakage, hepatic artery thrombosis, and portal vein.

For kidney transplant recipients, cardiovascular disease risk is high and post-transplant anemia needs to be liberally treated. With post-mortal transplantation, delayed graft function is common and dialysis needs to continue.  

Complications of ureteral anastomosis are diagnosable by using ultrasound. Book an appointment at Manipal Hospitals to know more about treatments with the help of best doctors in Hebbal, Bangalore. 

Experience world-class healthcare at Manipal Hospitals. Our expert team of doctors and state-of-the-art facilities ensure personalized and advanced treatments. Take the first step towards wellness. Book an appointment today.

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