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Often called a ‘Silent Disease’, Osteoporosis is a condition marked by decreased bone mass (which is a part of ageing), causing the bones to become brittle and susceptible to fractures. It is a concerning ailment because of its asymptomatic nature since many patients present to doctors only after a trivial fall, resulting in a bone fracture.
How Common is Osteoporosis?
Osteoporosis is a silent but formidable threat to the health and well-being of millions worldwide. It is more common in women after menopause – According to studies, nearly 20% of all women (1:5) over 50 years of age develop this condition, whereas, in men, 5% (1:20) aged more than 50 are found to have osteoporosis.
The major osteoporosis causes include ageing because as we age, our ability to produce more bone tissue decreases. Other risk factors include - family history, being a woman, race (White & Asian women), and intake of certain medications like corticosteroids and anticonvulsants.
The Impact of Osteoporosis on Quality of Life
Osteoporosis is more than just weak bones. It's a condition that significantly burdens the quality of life for those affected. Imagine the shock and pain of breaking a bone from a simple stumble! This is a reality for many individuals with osteoporosis, as their bones have become fragile over time, losing their strength and resilience.
What are the Signs and Symptoms of Osteoporosis?
Osteoporosis often remains undetected until a fracture happens. However, look for these subtle signs and symptoms that may indicate its presence:
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Back Pain
Osteoporotic fractures, especially in the spine (vertebral fractures), can cause chronic back pain & lead to a stooped posture or loss of height.
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Fractures
They are more prone to fractures, even from minor falls or bumps. Common fracture sites include the hip, spine, and wrist.
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Gum Recession & Tooth Loss
Osteoporosis can impact the jawbone, causing the gums to recede and increasing the chances of losing teeth.
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Fragile Nails
The nails become more delicate and prone to breaking among these patients.
Diagnosis of Osteoporosis
Bone Density Testing (DEXA Scan) is considered the gold standard for osteoporosis diagnosis. It provides a T-score, which indicates how much a patient's bone density differs from the average. Fracture Risk Assessment Tool (FRAX) helps determine a patient's 10-year probability of hip fracture or major osteoporotic fracture.
If your bone is 2.5 times weaker than the bone of a young adult, you require a treatment other than calcium and vitamin D supplements to improve your bone strength and prevent osteoporosis progression. However, in case your bone strength is between 1.5 to 2.5, vitamin D and calcium supplements will be enough. In both cases, osteoporosis treatment will be decided by a rheumatologist.
Visit Manipal Hospitals Jayanagar to consult with a rheumatologist in Bangalore.
How to Manage Osteoporosis?
Rheumatologists are known to diagnose and treat musculoskeletal and autoimmune diseases. Based on your assessment, your rheumatologist will develop a comprehensive osteoporosis treatment plan that includes:
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Medications
Doctors usually prescribe bone density medications such as bisphosphonates or hormone replacement therapy (Estrogen therapy for women and Androgenic therapy for men) to strengthen bones and reduce fracture risk.
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Lifestyle Recommendations
Lifestyle changes that promote healthy bones include weight-bearing exercises, a well-balanced diet with plenty of calcium and vitamin D, quitting smoking, and alcohol consumption in moderation.
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Physical Exercise & Therapy
A therapist can help create exercise programs that enhance balance, flexibility, and strength. These programs aim to help you lead an active life while also minimizing the chances of falls or fractures occurring.
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Fall Prevention Techniques
Minimizing the risk of falls is crucial. It is important to create a safe home environment. For example – Ensure the floors of the bathrooms are dry and have railings or grab bars for support. Avoid keeping objects on the ground. Wear low-heeled comfortable footwear with non-slip soles and try not to walk on slippery surfaces, rugs, and electrical cords. Use assistive devices (walking canes) when necessary.
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Monitoring and Follow-Up
Regular monitoring is essential in osteoporosis management. Your doctor will track bone density changes, assess the effectiveness of treatments, and adjust plans as needed to ensure optimal outcomes.
Osteoporosis management demands expert care. Consult an expert rheumatologist in Bangalore at Manipal Hospital Jayanagar for osteoporosis treatment to ensure you lead an active life.
FAQs
1. What should I do if I suspect I have osteoporosis or have experienced a fracture?
If you believe you might have osteoporosis or have sustained a fracture, it's essential to seek advice from a doctor. You can visit Manipal Hospital, Jayanagar, and seek consultation with the foremost rheumatologist in Bangalore.
2. Can osteoporosis treatments restore the bone to its original strength?
While treatments aim to boost bone strength, they can't entirely restore bones to their initial condition. However, they can significantly reduce fracture risks.
3. Do calcium and vitamin D guarantee protection against osteoporosis?
While calcium and vitamin D are vital for bone health, they can’t prevent bone loss. A holistic approach, including lifestyle choices and diet, is imperative.
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