Vascular Surgery Hospitals in Bangalore

Treatments and Procedures

Arterial Disease

Arterial disease or artery disease is a vascular condition that affects your body's arteries, which are the blood channels that transport oxygen-rich blood from your heart to your body's tissues. The aorta is the largest artery in your body, stemming from the heart's left ventricle and branching out into smaller arteries throughout your body.

A few arterial diseases our vascular surgeons at Manipal Hospital Jayanagar address include:

• Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm

• Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm

• Coronary Artery Disease

• Carotid Artery Disease

• Peripheral Arterial Disease

• Vertebrobasilar Disease

• Renal Vascular Disease

• Thoracic Outlet Syndrome

• Subclavian Steal Syndrome

Evaluating a patient’s medical history, physical exam, and diagnostic exams like angiography or ultrasound are all necessary to diagnose arterial disease. Treatment options may include lifestyle changes, drugs to treat risk factors such as high blood pressure or cholesterol, and surgical procedures to restore blood flow. Regular monitoring and commitment to treatment recommendations are critical for adequately controlling arterial disease.

Venous Disorders - Varicose Veins

A swollen, twisted vein is called a varicose vein. Varicose veins can develop in any vein at the skin's surface (superficial) but are most often found in the legs. This occurs due to increased pressure caused by standing and walking for a longer duration. This lead to the valves becoming weak or damaged and blood can leak backward and cause the veins to enlarge. Spider veins, a typical, mild form of varicose veins, and varicose veins themselves are frequently only an aesthetic concern for many people. 

Varicose veins can cause agonising pain, swelling, and discomfort and can sometimes lead to more severe complications such as ulcers and blood clots. Self-care techniques or medical treatments performed by a professional may be used as part of the treatment to shut or eliminate veins. Compression stockings, exercises, surgeries, and other procedures can all be used as varicose vein treatment options. Laser surgery for varicose veins is a highly safe and effective treatment for varicose veins with a high success rate. It is an outpatient procedure, so you usually go home the same day.

Arteriovenous Malformation (AVM)

Arteriovenous malformations (AVM) are a tangle of blood vessels that irregularly connect arteries and veins. These abnormal connections allow blood to flow directly from arteries to veins, bypassing the capillaries. AVMs can occur anywhere in the body, but they are most common in the brain and spinal cord. Most of the time, AVMs don’t present with any symptoms until later in life even though they are present at birth. Some people with AVMs never experience any problems. 

Blood vessels experience significant pressure due to the force of the blood flow from your arteries. Veins have thin walls and cannot constantly adjust to blood flow pressure. If your veins can't withstand the pressure, they may burst (rupture) and haemorrhage, causing severe health complications. 

Treatment options are determined by an AVM's type, size, location, risk of rupture, symptoms, age, and overall health of the patient. Ideally, the goal of treatment is to eliminate the likelihood of bleeding. Brain and spinal cord surgery are major surgeries and carry significant risks and complications. 

• Glue Embolisation, or glue occlusion, is a minimally invasive procedure to treat specific vascular abnormalities, such as arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) or bleeding blood vessels. The procedure involves inserting a catheter into an artery near the AVM. A liquid embolic agent, such as n-butyl cyanoacrylate (n-BCA), is then injected into the catheter and into the AVM which blocks the blood flow to the AVM, thereby helping to shrink the AVM and reduce the risk of bleeding.

• Coil Embolisation, or endovascular coiling, is another minimally invasive procedure to treat arteriovenous malformations. A small catheter is inserted into the blood vessels in which tiny, flexible coils are then threaded through the catheter and into the AVM. The coils block the blood flow to the AVM, which can help to shrink the AVM and reduce the risk of bleeding.

• Excision is the surgical removal of an arteriovenous malformation (AVM). It is the most common treatment for AVMs, and it is the only treatment that can completely cure the condition. The surgeon will make an incision in the skin over the AVM, and then carefully separate the AVM from the surrounding tissue. The AVM is then removed, and the blood vessels that were supplying blood to the AVM are also removed.

Endovascular Aneurysm Repair

The aorta is the largest artery in your body, carrying blood from your heart to the rest of your body. When blood flows against a weak area in the wall of a blood vessel (in this case, the aorta), the aortic walls bulge outward, resulting in an aneurysm. This can cause a rupture, cutting off blood flow to your organs. In minutes, life-threatening complications can ensue. 

Abdominal aneurysms can be treated with a minimally invasive treatment known as endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR). Most abdominal aneurysms (AAA) develop in the aorta in the form of a bulge or sac, the main artery that carries blood from the heart to the rest of the body. EVAR employs small punctures and sophisticated equipment to mend the bulge in blood vessels found in the abdomen. 

Endovascular aneurysm repair aims to keep the abdominal aortic aneurysm from bursting, which would be fatal. By adding a new tube (called a stent graft) to the aneurysm and relieving some of its pressure, EVAR reinforces the weakened wall of the aorta and prevents it from rupturing. Patients who undergo this procedure often have a shorter recovery time and is associated with fewer complications.

Diabetic Foot Care

Diabetic foot care is a specialised branch of medicine focused on preventing, managing, and treating foot-related complications in individuals with diabetes. 

Common standard surgical procedures in diabetic foot care are:

• Amputation

• Debridement

• Skin grafting

Amputation is a surgical intervention used to remove infected, dead, or damaged tissue in the foot due to diabetic foot ulcers or severe infections. Debridement is the removal of dead or infected tissue from an ulcer or wound to prevent further complications. It can be done surgically or with special tools. In cases where the infection has progressed significantly and conservative treatments have failed, partial or complete amputation may be necessary to preserve the patient's overall health and prevent the spread of infection.

Skin grafting is a surgical technique to repair and close diabetic foot ulcers or other severe wounds that have difficulty healing. During the procedure, healthy skin from another area of the patient's body or a donor source is transplanted onto the wound site. The transplanted skin is a natural dressing that helps facilitate healing by promoting new tissue growth and preventing infection. Skilled surgeons with expertise in diabetic foot care typically perform amputation/debridement and skin grafting procedures. They are often part of a comprehensive treatment plan that includes wound care, infection management, and ongoing monitoring to prevent further complications. With proper diabetic foot care, including appropriate surgical interventions when necessary, the risk of severe complications can be minimised, improving overall foot health and quality of life for patients.

Arteriovenous Fistula (AVF)

An arteriovenous fistula (AV fistula) is an abnormal connection between an artery and a vein. This connection allows blood to flow directly from the artery into the vein, bypassing the capillaries. 

AV fistulas are sometimes created surgically for people with renal failure who need regular hemodialysis, a type of kidney dialysis. They provide a reliable and easy way to access the blood vessels for hemodialysis. The increased blood flow through the fistula makes it easier to insert and remove needles for dialysis treatments. AV fistulas also tend to be more durable than other types of vascular access, such as arteriovenous grafts.

A large untreated arteriovenous fistula originating on its own may lead to significant problems. Monitoring, compression, catheter-based techniques, and, in some cases, surgery are used to treat these AV fistulas. Close observation by a vascular specialist in Bangalore may be the only therapy required if an arteriovenous fistula is modest and doesn't result in any other health issues. Occasionally, a tiny arteriovenous fistula closes without medical intervention.

Traumatic Artery - Venous Repair

Traumatic Artery/Venous Repair involves surgical interventions to repair damage to arteries or veins caused by trauma. Arteries and veins are vital blood vessels that carry oxygenated and deoxygenated blood throughout the body. During a traumatic injury, arteries or veins can be torn, punctured, or severed, leading to severe bleeding and potentially life-threatening consequences. Traumatic Artery/Venous Repair aims to restore blood flow, prevent bleeding, and preserve the affected vessel's functionality.

The procedure typically involves several steps. The damaged artery or vein is carefully identified and isolated. Then, the injured segment is repaired using various techniques, such as direct suturing, grafting, and end-to-end anastomosis. The surgeon may also use specialised instruments and magnification devices.

Specialised Care for Vascular-Related Diseases

Vascular surgery at Manipal Hospital, Jayanagar, offers comprehensive and specialised care for various vascular conditions. Our team of experienced vascular surgeons collaborates with other medical specialities to ensure holistic and personalised treatment plans for each patient. Whether you require treatment for arterial diseases like aortic aneurysms or peripheral arterial disease or need interventions for varicose veins, arteriovenous malformations (AVMs), or traumatic artery/venous repair, our skilled surgeons can handle diverse cases. We utilise minimally invasive procedures whenever possible to reduce patient discomfort and promote faster recovery.

Throughout your treatment journey at Manipal Hospital, we recognise the importance of emotional support. We strive to make your experience as comfortable as possible by providing round-the-clock nurse care and a patient-centred approach. Using the best medical techniques, cutting-edge technology, and supporting assistance, we will help you improve your vascular health. We are committed to giving you first-rate treatment at every turn since your health is our top priority.