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Patent Ductus Arteriosus PDA Device Closure

Patent Ductus Arteriosus PDA Device Closure

Patent Ductus Arteriosus PDA Device Closure in Mukundapur

Some children are born with a cardiac disease called patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), which is more common in preterm babies. It occurs when the ductus arteriosus, a blood vessel, fails to seal properly after birth. This vessel is crucial for blood circulation in the foetus but becomes unnecessary after the baby is born. If this vessel remains open, problems in blood flow between the heart and lungs occur. This disease occasionally resolves by itself. When it doesn't, medical professionals treat it by using medication, minimally invasive procedures like Transcatheter PDA Closure, Cardiac Catheterisation, and surgery to get normal circulation back. Although this is a congenital cardiac defect, your child can still lead an active and healthy life with the right care. Early diagnosis and treatment are important to prevent complications such as heart failure or respiratory issues. Discuss the most effective course of therapy with your healthcare professional, which will depend on the severity of the condition and the patient's age. 

FAQ's

Researchers are unsure about the exact cause of this disease. Genetic problems or a family history of the illness may be contributing factors that lead to patent ductus arteriosus. 

Additional reasons for PDA might be:

  • German measles during pregnancy: PDA risk may be increased in the offspring of women who contracted rubella, often known as German measles, during their pregnancies.

  • Neonatal respiratory distress syndrome: This breathing condition affects babies whose lungs did not receive enough surfactant, or lubricating material, before birth. These infants could also experience a PDA.

Other than a heart murmur, small PDAs could not cause any symptoms at all.

Larger PDAs might result in:

  • Fast breathing

  • Breathing difficulty (dyspnea)

  • Sweating upon consuming food

  • Exhaustion or fatigue

  • Issues with eating and feeding

  • Inadequate growth or weight gain

  • Rapid heart rate or pulse

Your healthcare practitioner can suggest referring you to a paediatric cardiologist if they suspect PDA. The paediatric cardiologist might prescribe the following tests:

  • Chest radiography

  • Heart ultrasound, or echocardiogram

  • An EKG, or electrocardiogram

Treatment varies depending on the size of the ductus:

  • For small ductus: The heart and lungs do not have to work harder if the PDA (ductus) is small. Treatments such as surgery might not be necessary. A small PDA will frequently shut down on its own in the first few months of life.

  • Medications: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medicines (NSAIDs) are one type of medication that medical professionals may use to treat patent ductus arteriosus. Drugs may promote the closure of the patent ductus arteriosus. Premature newborns are typically treated with this, while treating adults or older children may not be possible.

  • Surgical procedures: PDA may be treated by medical professionals using some surgical techniques, such as Cardiac Catheterisation, Transcatheter PDA Closure, and Open surgery.

A catheter, a small tube, and a plug or coil are used in this advanced therapy to seal a patent ductus arteriosus. This procedure, known as a catheter procedure, allows for repair without the need for open-heart surgery. 

A tiny tube is inserted by a medical professional into a blood vessel in the groyne and guided to the heart during a catheter operation. A coil or plug is inserted into the catheter. The ductus arteriosus is sealed up by the coil, or stopper. Usually, there is no need for an overnight hospital stay for the procedure.

Premature babies are too small for catheter treatments. When the baby is older, Catheter therapy to seal the opening could be performed if the PDA isn't creating any issues.
 

If medication is ineffective and if the PDA is large or causing problems, Open Heart surgery may be required.

To access the child's heart, the surgeon creates a tiny incision between the ribs. Stitches or clips are used to seal the hole. A child often needs a few weeks to recover completely from this type of operation.
 

Your child will stay in the hospital for a few days following surgery. Medication will be administered to lessen anxiety and pain. After surgery, most kids return home two days later. Because of these additional medical conditions, premature babies typically require lengthy hospital stays.

You will receive training from the hospital's physicians and nurses on how to take care of your child at home. They will discuss all the precautions and guidelines you need to follow at home. These include: 

  • Activity restrictions for your child as they heal

  • Rescheduled visits with your child's physicians

  • How, if necessary, to give your kid their medications at home

  • After surgery, you may anticipate that your child will feel quite comfortable when they return home, but there might be some temporary pain.

Catheter-based procedure-related complications are uncommon and transient. These may include bleeding, infection, and the blocking device moving away from its original location.

Surgical complications are uncommon and often resolve quickly. These can include fluid accumulation around the lungs, haemorrhage, infection, hoarseness, and a paralysed diaphragm (the muscle beneath the lungs).


 

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