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Cushing syndrome treatment in Mukundapur

Cushing Syndrome

Cushing syndrome treatment in Mukundapur

Cushing syndrome, also known as hypercortisolism, is a rare condition caused by an excess of the hormone cortisol in the body. Often referred to as the "stress hormone," cortisol can become elevated due to various factors, including medication or overproduction by the body. This condition can lead to a range of symptoms such as weakness, fatigue, high blood pressure, and other complications.

At Mukundapur, Kolkata, we offer comprehensive treatment options for Cushing syndrome, tailored to the individual needs of each patient. The primary approach often involves medication to control cortisol levels and alleviate symptoms. In cases where a specific source of excess cortisol, such as a tumour in the adrenal or pituitary glands, is identified, surgical intervention may be necessary to remove the tumour and reduce cortisol production. For patients who cannot undergo surgery or when residual cancerous cells remain, Radiation Therapy is utilised to target these cells and control hormone levels. Additionally, Chemotherapy may be recommended for patients with tumours that are not suitable for surgical removal. Each treatment plan is tailored to the individual’s specific condition and overall health, with the aim of effectively managing symptoms and addressing the underlying cause of Cushing syndrome.

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FAQ's

The common symptoms of Cushing syndrome may include the following:

  • Weight gain
  • Fat deposits particularly in the face (resulting in a round, moon-shaped face), the belly, and the area between the shoulders and upper back (sometimes creating a visible hump)
  • Stretch marks on the thighs, arms, abdomen, and breasts
  • Slow healing of skin injuries
  • Fatigue
  • Weakening of muscles

People with Cushing syndrome may experience additional symptoms in addition to the frequent ones listed above:

  • Depression and anxiety
  • Increased urination
  • Increased thirst
  • Hypertension 
  • Headache
  • Mood swings
  • High rate of infections

Symptoms specific to women with Cushing syndrome:

  • Dark, thick hair on the face and body. The term for this illness is hirsutism.
  • Irregular periods
  • Reduced libido
  • Infertility
  • Difficulties achieving an erection

Prolonged high cortisol levels in the body can lead to Cushing's syndrome.

  • The most frequent reason has to do with drugs called glucocorticoids, also referred to as steroids or corticosteroids (prednisone, for example). These prescription steroids are used to treat lupus, rheumatoid arthritis, asthma, and disorders following organ transplantation. These are potent anti-inflammatory drugs. Cushing's syndrome can be brought on by taking too much for too long.

  • Even though it is uncommon, injectable steroids, such as those given repeatedly for bursitis, back pain, and joint discomfort, can also cause Cushing's syndrome.

  • Although it is less common, steroid skin creams used to treat eczema and other skin conditions can also result in Cushing's syndrome. 

  • Cushing's syndrome can also result from an excess of cortisol produced by the body due to a tumour in the pituitary gland (located near the base of the brain) or an adrenal gland tumour.

  • Cortisol is controlled by the hormone known as adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH). An ACTH-secreting tumour can very rarely produce Cushing's syndrome. An organ that doesn't normally generate ACTH may develop this type of tumour, which causes the organ to start producing a lot of it. These tumours may or may not be malignant. Usually, the thyroid, thymus gland, pancreas, or lungs contain them.

Long-term use of high-dosage corticosteroids increases the chance of developing Cushing syndrome. Find out the dosage and duration of corticosteroid use if your doctor has recommended them for a medical condition.

Age and the presence of pituitary or adrenal tumours are other risk factors. There is no method to stop tumours from growing. There may be a hereditary tendency to develop endocrine tumours (familial Cushing syndrome)

Your medical history will be examined by a medical practitioner. They will inquire about your symptoms, current medicines, and any underlying medical issues.

Along with a physical examination, they'll check for physical symptoms like bruising, stretch marks, and a lump between your shoulders. They could then request certain lab tests, such as:

  • 24-hour urinary cortisol test: This test measures cortisol levels in a urine sample collected over 24 hours. High levels of cortisol suggest Cushing syndrome.

  • Salivary cortisol measurement: Cortisol levels decrease in the evening in individuals without Cushing syndrome. This test determines if the cortisol levels in a saliva sample taken late at night are too high.

  • Dexamethasone suppression test: You will get a dexamethasone dosage in the late evening for this test. In the morning, your blood will be examined to determine your cortisol levels. Dexamethasone often results in a decrease in cortisol levels. It won't happen if you have Cushing syndrome.

  • Test for dexamethasone-CRH: A high cortisol level can result from a number of factors, including binge drinking excessive amounts of alcohol or having anxiety or despair. This test can assist a physician in determining if elevated cortisol levels are caused by Cushing syndrome or some other problem. It consists of a dosage of dexamethasone plus an injection of the hormone CRH.

  • Blood tests: Blood tests may be performed to measure cortisol levels and other related hormones. Elevated cortisol levels, especially when measured at different times of the day, can help confirm the diagnosis.

  • Imaging studies: CT scans or MRIs are used to detect tumours in the pituitary gland, adrenal glands, or other areas that could be producing excessive ACTH or cortisol.

  • Petrosal sinus sampling: In complex cases, where it is challenging to determine the source of excess ACTH, a procedure called petrosal sinus sampling may be performed. This involves taking blood samples from the veins that drain the pituitary gland to measure ACTH levels and determine if the pituitary is producing excessive ACTH.

It's critical that Cushing syndrome sufferers receive appropriate treatment. Cushing syndrome can result in a number of potentially dangerous health issues if therapy is not received. These may consist of:

  • Osteoporosis, which raises the risk of bone fractures, atrophy of the muscles, and weakness
  • Hypertension
  • Type 2 diabetes
  • Recurrent infections
  • A heart attack or stroke
  • Anxiety or depression
  • Cognitive issues such as difficulty focusing or memory problems growth of an already-existing tumour

Your doctor will first try to determine the cause of your excessive cortisol levels.

  • Your doctor will determine if you may gradually reduce your dosage of steroid medication while still controlling your asthma, arthritis, or other problems if you have an excess of cortisol as a result of taking it.

  • To remove a tumour, you could require surgery.

  • In the event that your surgeon is unable to remove the tumour entirely, you may also receive radiation treatment. In certain instances, they will employ it in place of surgery.

  • When radiation and surgery are ineffective, medications that regulate the production of cortisol may be considered. There may be major adverse effects from these drugs. Before surgery, a doctor may also recommend medicine to very ill Cushing's syndrome patients.

  • In rare situations, the tumour or its treatment will influence other hormones produced by the pituitary or adrenal gland, and you may need hormone replacement medicine.

A few lifestyle modifications might help you maintain your health and manage Cushing's syndrome:

  • Hot baths, massages, and mild workouts like tai chi and water aerobics can all help ease aches and pains.

  • Focus on a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins to manage weight, reduce blood pressure, and support overall health. Limiting salt and sugar intake can help manage blood pressure and blood glucose levels.

  • Ensure a regular sleep schedule and aim for 7-9 hours of quality sleep.

  • Tell your loved ones and friends about your situation. Tell them how they can assist and solicit their support.

  • Give the people and things you appreciate some time in your day. To maintain your vitality, it's acceptable to say no and create boundaries. Seek the advice of a therapist or counsellor if you're feeling overwhelmed. You might be able to get a recommendation from your doctor.

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