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Endoscopic Ultrasound

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Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) is a state-of-the-art diagnostic technique used to assess and manage a range of gastrointestinal disorders. Endoscopic Ultrasound is a technology that combines endoscopy with ultrasound to produce highly detailed pictures of the pancreas, liver, bile ducts, oesophagus, and stomach. It enables medical professionals to perform precise examinations of the surrounding organs and the layers of the gastrointestinal wall.

This minimally invasive treatment is used to guide fine-needle aspirations or biopsies for tissue samples, diagnose and stage malignancies, identify pancreatic cysts or tumours, and assess chronic pancreatitis. Compared to traditional ultrasound or CT scans, EUS offers better visualisation, which makes it an essential tool for detecting intricate gastrointestinal problems. Consult our Medical Gastro Specialist in Mukundapur, Kolkata if you need an Endoscopic Ultrasound or any other treatment for gastric issues

FAQ's

Endoscopic ultrasonography is a minimally invasive method that examines the GI system and beyond by using high-frequency sound waves (ultrasound) and a camera device (endoscope). A standard endoscope is a tiny, illuminated tube that is sent through the mouth or nose to see inside your stomach, intestines, and oesophagus.

The use of ultrasonography allows the physician to view the gastrointestinal tract and other organs.

Compared to other imaging tests, EUS gives your doctor additional information by capturing detailed images of your digestive tract. When diagnosing some illnesses that may result in abnormal weight loss or stomach pain, your doctor may use EUS.

Additionally, recognised abnormalities, such as lumps or lesions, that were found during a previous endoscopy or on x-ray examinations, such as a computed tomography (CT) scan, are assessed using EUS. With the aid of EUS, your doctor can diagnose and treat a lump or lesion by obtaining a thorough image of the condition. When other testing proves to be unsatisfactory or contradictory, EUS can be used to identify disorders of the gallbladder, bile duct, and pancreas.

Preparation for an EUS depends on the area being examined:

  • Upper EUS: If the procedure is through the mouth, you will be asked to fast for several hours before the test. This usually means no eating or drinking for 6-8 hours prior to the procedure.

  • Lower EUS: If the procedure is through the rectum, you might need to follow a special diet and perform an enema before the test to clear your colon.

Your doctor will provide specific instructions tailored to your procedure, including any medications or lifestyle changes required before the test.

During an EUS:

  • Sedation: You will be given a sedative to help you relax and minimise discomfort.

  • Insertion of Endoscope: The endoscope, equipped with a camera and ultrasound probe, is gently inserted through the mouth or rectum, depending on the area being examined.

  • Imaging: The endoscope is advanced through your digestive tract, and the ultrasound probe sends sound waves to create detailed images of your internal organs.

  • Biopsy (if needed): If abnormal areas are detected, your doctor may take a small tissue sample (biopsy) for further analysis.

Usually, the process takes half an hour to an hour.

If you were given sedatives, you will be kept under observation in the recovery area until the majority of the effects of the drug have worn off. You may have some soreness in your throat if you have an upper EUS.

The air and water that were introduced during the test may cause you to feel bloated. Unless you are told differently, you can eat after leaving the procedure area. Preliminary findings from the surgery are usually available the same day, although some test results (biopsies included) can take a few days to come back.

The upper gastrointestinal system (oesophagus, stomach, and duodenum), the lower GI tract (colon and rectum), and adjacent organs including the lungs, pancreas, liver, and gallbladder can all be diagnosed with the aid of EUS. When X-rays, MRIs, or CT scans reveal regions of concern, endoscopic ultrasound can be used to better evaluate those areas. 

EUS may be suggested by your gastroenterologist to: 

  • Find any pancreatic cysts or tumours

  • Aid in the chronic pancreatitis diagnosis 

  • Examine malignant regions of the stomach, colon, rectum, or oesophagus and assist in cancer staging (ascertaining the extent of cancerous growth or aggressiveness)

  • Ultrasound aids in determining if large lymph nodes or blood vessels have been impacted by the cancer

  • Look for stones in the biliary system

  • Empty pancreatic pseudocysts or other unusual abdominal fluid accumulations

  • Use targeted medication administration to treat the liver and pancreas

The majority of EUS operations are simple, although there is a slight possibility of difficulties or side effects like:

  • You might experience temporary discomfort or soreness in your throat if you have an upper EUS. This generally goes away soon and is moderate.

  • After the procedure, you might feel bloated due to the air and water introduced during the test. This feeling generally subsides on its own.

  • If you were given sedatives, there are risks associated with sedation, including allergic reactions, respiratory issues, or prolonged drowsiness. The medical team will monitor you to manage these risks.

  • Though rare, there is a small risk of infection at the site where the endoscope was inserted, especially if the procedure involves biopsies or drainage.

  • If a biopsy or other invasive procedure was performed during the EUS, there could be a risk of bleeding at the site.

  • In very rare cases, the endoscope could cause a tear or perforation in the lining of the digestive tract, which may require surgical repair.

  • There is a slight risk of developing pancreatitis, particularly if the EUS involves interventions related to the pancreas.

  • If contrast agents were used, there could be a risk of allergic reactions or other adverse effects.

  • If you have an upper EUS, there's a small risk of aspirating (inhaling) saliva or stomach contents into the lungs, particularly if you have difficulty swallowing.

  • Some individuals may experience prolonged effects of sedation, such as drowsiness or difficulty in concentration.

You will be moved to the recovery area so you may rest if you were given a sedative. Recuperation typically takes an hour or so, depending on the amount of sedative you were given. For a few hours, you might feel a little bloated, but this will pass. Unless you are instructed otherwise, you ought to be allowed to go back to work the next day. The medical staff will discuss any necessary follow-up or therapy with you and explain the results of the endoscopic ultrasonography.

Your long-term health should improve with regular exercise. Before starting an exercise program, seek advice from your physician or other members of the healthcare team.

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