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Cytoreductive Surgery for Ovarian Cancer

Cytoreductive Surgery

Cancer Treatment Doctors in Mukundapur, Kolkata

In patients with advanced or extensive cancer, Cytoreductive Surgery, commonly referred to as Debulking Surgery, is a treatment designed to remove as much tumour material as possible. The objective is to minimise the remaining tumour burden so that it may be treated more successfully with additional therapies like Radiation or Chemotherapy. By concentrating on visible tumours, this strategy seeks to enhance overall treatment results and may also increase the efficacy of later therapies. This surgical method is frequently employed in cases of mesothelioma, colorectal cancer, and ovarian cancer that have progressed widely across the abdomen (peritoneal carcinomatosis). Resection of primary tumours, metastatic lesions, or both may be part of Cytoreductive Surgery, contingent upon the kind and location of cancer. The extent to which the tumour is completely removed, as well as how well the patient recovers and responds to further therapies, are frequently used to evaluate the effectiveness of Cytoreductive Surgery. Manipal Hospitals, Mukundapur, has a team of experienced oncologists employing advanced technologies to provide better treatment outcomes.

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FAQ's

When a malignancy has progressed widely across the abdominal cavity (peritoneal carcinomatosis) and other parts of the body, Cytoreductive Surgery is frequently performed. Among them are:

  • Cancer of the ovaries
  • Colorectal cancer
  • Cancer of the appendix
  • Mesothelioma
  • Stomach cancer
  • Mesothelioma in the peritoneum
  • Pseudomyxoma indicum

Cytoreductive Surgery aims to remove as much visible tumour mass as possible across the afflicted region, in contrast to typical cancer surgery, which concentrates on removing the main tumour and any adjacent lymph nodes. The amount and location of the malignancy will determine whether to remove the main tumour, metastatic lesions, or both. The main objective is to reduce the maximum tumour possible to enhance the effectiveness of subsequent treatments and potentially increase the survival time of patients with advanced disease.

The objectives of Cytoreductive Surgery are:

  • Reducing the burden of the tumour by removing obvious tumour masses

  • Reducing the signs and symptoms of tumour development and metastasis

  • Increasing the efficiency of adjuvant treatments like Radiation or Chemotherapy

  • Extending the overall and progression-free survival times of patients with metastatic or advanced cancer

Patients can prepare for Cytoreductive Surgery by: 

Consulting with a multidisciplinary team of healthcare providers specialising in oncology and surgery. Understanding the goals, risks, and potential benefits of the procedure through detailed discussions with their healthcare team. Arranging for practical support and assistance during the recovery period, including postoperative care and rehabilitation. Addressing any concerns or questions about the surgical process, recovery expectations, and long-term care planning. Participating in preoperative evaluations, tests, and consultations to optimise overall health and surgical readiness.

Typically, a multidisciplinary team of oncology-focused surgeons performs Cytoreductive Surgery. The process entails:

  • Creating one or more incisions to reach the tumour-affected region or areas.

  • Eliminating obvious tumour masses with caution while protecting nearby organs and healthy tissues.

  • Applying careful surgical methods to reduce bleeding and guarantee total tumour excision.

  • Evaluating the degree of tumour debulking and, in light of intraoperative results, deciding if further treatments or procedures are required.

Risks and potential complications of Cytoreductive Surgery may include:

  • Bleeding: Intraoperative or postoperative bleeding requiring transfusion or surgical intervention. 

  • Infection: Risk of surgical site infection or systemic infection following extensive surgery. 

  • Damage to adjacent organs or structures: Potential injury to surrounding tissues or organs during tumour removal. 

  • Postoperative complications: Such as bowel obstruction, wound healing problems, or adverse reactions to anaesthesia. 

  • Prolonged recovery: Extended hospital stay and recovery period due to the nature of the surgery and potential complications.

Recovery after Cytoreductive Surgery involves:

  • Monitoring in the intensive care unit or specialised surgical unit immediately postoperatively. 

  • Pain management: Administration of pain medications to alleviate discomfort and facilitate mobility. 

  • Nutrition support: Initiating oral intake gradually or using feeding tubes if necessary to ensure adequate nutrition. 

  • Physical therapy: Early mobilisation and rehabilitation to promote recovery and prevent complications. 

  • Follow-up care: Regular monitoring for surgical site healing, postoperative complications, and response to adjuvant therapies.

The results of Cytoreductive Surgery vary depending on the type of cancer, the stage at which it is inoperable, the extent of the tumour resection, and the patient's response to further treatments. Some of the main results of Cytoreductive Surgery are:

  • Increased overall survival and progression-free survival in patients with advanced or metastatic cancer

  • Alleviation of symptoms and improvement in quality of life associated with the reduction of tumour burden

  • Improved response to adjuvant treatments such as Chemotherapy or Radiation Therapy

  • Extended monitoring for disease recurrence and controlling residual tumour burden.

HIPEC is a treatment often used in conjunction with Cytoreductive Surgery. After the tumour is surgically removed, heated Chemotherapy is delivered directly into the abdominal cavity to kill any remaining cancer cells. This combination is particularly effective for certain abdominal cancers.

In some cases, Cytoreductive Surgery can be repeated if the cancer recurs, depending on the location, extent of the recurrence, and the patient's overall condition. However, this decision is taken after carefully evaluating your particular case.

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