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Endo Urology is a speciality that helps diagnose and treat a variety of genital and urological diseases in children of all ages. The technique also helps treat diseases and illnesses concerning the kidneys, liver, biliary tract, urinary bladder, and urethra. With the increasing incidence of kidney and bladder stone disorders in children, the field has gained significant traction. The procedure uses Robotics, Cystoscopy, Ureteroscopy, or Laparoscopy, and sophisticated cameras for high precision and improved success rates. As minimally invasive approaches are employed to treat urological disorders in children, they help with a significant reduction of pain and faster recovery.
Most of the conditions addressed in Paediatric Endo Urology are of congenital origin, requiring specialised care.
The conditions addressed in Paediatric Endo Urology are:
Ureteropelvic junction obstruction
Vesicoureteral reflux (urine flowing back into the ureter or kidney)
Ureteral strictures
Kidney and bladder stones
Hydronephrosis/hydroureter (kidney swelling/ureter dilatation)
Undescended testicles
Posterior urethral valve fulguration (obstruction from extra tissues in the urethra)
Hypospadias/epispadias (urethra development issues)
Reconstructive urologic problems, including the neurogenic bladder, bladder exstrophy, cloacal exstrophy, bowel in spina bifida, and other major congenital anomalies
If your child is experiencing symptoms of recurrent tract infections, blood in urine, abdominal pain, or any other urological issue, you may have to consult a paediatric urologist with expertise in endo urology.
During your child’s first appointment, your doctor will discuss the complications of their disorder. After a thorough physical examination, your doctor may suggest a few diagnostic tests before beginning with appropriate treatment.
A child might have to undergo urine tests, X-rays, and ultrasound exams before Endo Urology interventions. In some children, a Cystoscopy may also be used for diagnosing disorders in the bladder and urethra.
The treatment approaches employed by the paediatric endourologist include:
Minimal Access Surgery: Cystoscopy, Ureteroscopy, or Laparoscopy may be employed to create small incisions to access organs while performing surgery. This allows the child to recover faster without any complications.
Robotic-assisted Laparoscopy: A ureteropelvic junction obstruction in children can be diagnosed and treated with the help of laparoscopy to allow the natural flow of urine.
Just before the procedure, your child will be administered general anaesthesia to ensure their safety and comfort during the procedure. Depending on the diagnosis, your child may need an endoscopic or laparoscopic approach. For example, a Ureteroscopy may be used to remove or break kidney or bladder stones, while a Laparoscopy procedure can be used to correct the vesicoureteral reflex. Most of these endo urological procedures take a few hours to complete.
Cystoscopy is a process in which small instruments are passed through the urethra to access structures within the urinary tract. The cystoscope helps address the following conditions:
Fulguration of posterior urethral valves
Incision for urethral stricture
Removal of urethral polyp
Incision for ureterocele
Deflux injection for vesicoureteric reflux
Botox injection on the bladder neck to address urine incontinence
After the procedure, your child will be observed in the recovery area and moved to the room for monitoring. The duration of your child’s stay at the hospital will depend on the type of procedure and your child’s recovery.
Recovery from the intervention can depend on the complexity of the procedure, which differs for each child. Some children experience mild discomfort, while most children can resume their normal activities within a few days to weeks. Any pain or discomfort your child experiences can be managed with pain medications.
Paediatric Endo Urology offers a minimally invasive treatment approach that has several benefits. Some of them are:
Minimise trauma: A safe approach with minimal complications and a faster recovery. Since minimally invasive techniques are used for treatment, the child’s body sustains minimal trauma, causing less pain and shorter hospital stays.
Precise diagnosis: Advanced technologies used in the interventions allow for higher precision since they provide detailed visualisation of the urinary tract.
Cosmetic outcome: Small incisions cause less visible scarring, which is particularly beneficial for growing children.
Since Paediatric Endo Urology is a much safer alternative to traditional procedures, the risk of complications is also lower. However, as with any surgery, there can be a risk of bleeding, infection, or an adverse reaction to anaesthesia. At Manipal Hospitals, Mukundapur, Kolkata, we have a team of highly skilled paediatric urologists who employ advanced technologies to help manage and minimise these risks.
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