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Angioplasty and Stent Surgery in Kolkata

Angioplasty and Stenting

Angioplasty and Stenting in Mukundapur

Angioplasty is a minimally invasive endovascular procedure for dilating an obstructed or constricted artery using a balloon. However, the majority of contemporary Angioplasty treatments also include the insertion of a small wire mesh tube, known as a stent, into the artery as part of the procedure. To improve blood flow, the stent remains in situ indefinitely. The combination of coronary angioplasty and stent placement is commonly referred to as percutaneous coronary intervention or PCI. The procedure is typically performed in an operating room with access to interventional radiology.

It involves creating a small puncture in the skin to access the artery. The area of blockage is crossed with special wires or catheters. The doctor uses medical imaging, typically live X-rays or fluoroscopy, to guide the catheters near the blockages. The blockage is then resolved by inflating a balloon (Angioplasty), placing stents, or removing the plaque (Atherectomy). Opening these blockages and restoring the blood flow can reverse the symptoms of chest pain while walking, resting, or loss of cardiac tissue.

FAQ's

A minimally invasive technique called an Angioplasty is done to open up blocked or restricted arteries. A balloon-tipped catheter is introduced into the artery, causing the blockage, and inflated during an Angioplasty procedure to compress the plaque deposit and restore blood flow. After Angioplasty, Stenting involves inserting a tiny metal mesh tube, or stent, into the artery to maintain the artery's patency. Although Angioplasty deals directly with the blockage, Stenting offers structural support to prevent the artery from narrowing once more.

People diagnosed with peripheral arterial disease, carotid artery disease, or coronary artery disease commonly qualify for Angioplasty and Stenting procedures. These conditions often cause artery narrowing or blockages, resulting in symptoms such as chest pain (angina), leg pain while walking (claudication), or transient ischemic attacks (TIAs). Angioplasty and Stenting interventions help relieve symptoms, improve blood flow to affected areas, and reduce the risk of complications like heart attacks or strokes.

Risks and complications related to Angioplasty and Stenting include blood vessel damage, allergic responses to contrast dye, bleeding or bruises at the catheter insertion site, and dye-related kidney damage. Furthermore, there's a chance that blood clots will form at the stent location and cause a stroke or heart attack. Stents can occasionally become clogged or narrow again (restenosis). Serious side effects, such as an irregular heartbeat or artery perforation, are extremely uncommon.

Stents come in a variety of forms, including drug-eluting and bare metal varieties. Bare metal stents offer structural support to keep the artery open, whereas drug-coated stents successfully lower the risk of re-narrowing and prevent restenosis. A bioresorbable stent is a different type of stent that gradually dissolves inside the body. Additionally, stents come in a variety of forms. Some are flexible or self-expanding to follow the curve of the artery.

The length of time needed for recovery following Angioplasty and Stenting varies depending on the specifics of the treatment and the patient. For observation, patients should plan on spending one to two days in the hospital. The full healing process often takes a week, during which time patients may need to refrain from physically demanding activities, adhere to their doctor's recommendations, and modify their lifestyle. Still, a lot of people go back to their regular lives in a matter of days.

Healthcare practitioners routinely advise lifestyle changes to improve heart health following Angioplasty and Stenting. A heart-healthy diet low in cholesterol and saturated fats, regular exercise as prescribed by a physician, quitting smoking, adopting relaxation techniques or counselling to manage stress, and maintaining a healthy weight are a few examples of these changes. To monitor their progress and adjust treatment as needed, patients may also need to take their prescription drugs as directed and show up for follow-up appointments.

When treating patients with coronary artery disease, Angioplasty and Stenting are commonly used, with a special emphasis on the coronary arteries in the heart. Similarly, these operations are frequently carried out on leg arteries in situations with peripheral arterial disease. The number of blockages and the individual characteristics of each patient determine which arteries will be treated with these therapies.

Treatment options for arterial blockages and coronary artery disease are numerous. Making lifestyle changes like eating a different diet, exercising, and giving up smoking can help regulate chronic problems. Medication such as blood pressure pills, antiplatelet medicines, and statins are frequently prescribed by doctors. Procedures such as Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG) might be required in more serious situations. Treatments such as Transmyocardial Laser Revascularization (TMR) or Enhanced External Counterpulsation (EECP) may provide relief for certain patients.

After Angioplasty and Stenting, follow-up consultations are usually arranged in the first few weeks following the treatment and subsequently regularly, perhaps every six months to a year, depending on the specifics of each case. During these visits, the patient's recuperation status is tracked, any problems are examined, drug regimens are reviewed, and the necessity of additional interventions is evaluated. Talks regarding dietary and activity changes to support heart health and avert future problems may also be included.

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