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Breast cancer is the most common cancer affecting females not only worldwide but also in India. Awareness of breast cancer symptoms and regular screening are essential for early detection and management. Breast cancer is caused by the uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells in breast tissue, resulting in the formation of a tumour that can invade nearby tissues and spread to other parts of the body. The risk factors for developing breast cancer include increasing age, family history of breast cancer, and reproductive factors such as the early onset of menstruation, late onset of menopause, hormonal factors, environmental factors, smoking, and genetic mutations.
Symptoms of Breast Cancer
The symptoms of breast cancer can vary from person to person, and some people with breast cancer may not experience any symptoms at all. However, some common symptoms may indicate the presence of breast cancer. These include:
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Lumps in the breast.
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Discharge from the nipple.
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Swelling in the axilla or over the breast.
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Change in the size of the breast.
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Pain in the breast, etc.
Diagnosis and Treatment Procedure
Early diagnosis at a top cancer hospital in Mysore is very important for optimum treatment and to enhance the survival rate after surgery, which forms the cornerstone of the management of breast cancer. Traditionally, surgery for breast cancer constituted what is called a modified radical mastectomy, which means the removal of the entire breast along with the removal of lymph nodes from the axilla. However, if breast cancer is detected at an early stage, breast conservation surgery can be offered to the patient. In breast conservation surgery, the entire breast is not removed; instead, the tumour and a small amount of the surrounding breast tissues are removed, and this is followed by axillary dissection, which is the removal of lymph nodes from the axilla. This helps to retain the breast, which contributes to the self-image of a woman and also enhances her confidence and well-being.
Hence, early detection is the key, not only to offer breast conservation surgery but also to better survival. Therefore, what is important is awareness about the symptoms of breast cancer and also regular screening, which in the case of breast cancer means annual mammograms starting after the age of 40 years.
Preventive Measures
Breast cancer cannot be completely prevented, but taking certain steps can reduce the likelihood of detecting it in advanced stages. It is recommended to conduct self-breast exams every month under the supervision of the best surgical oncologist in Mysore, as this can help detect any changes early on. Regular mammograms and clinical breast exams, based on age and family history, are crucial for breast cancer screening. The American Cancer Society advises getting a screening mammogram every year after age 40. It is also essential to discuss personal risk factors with a healthcare professional and determine if genetic testing or other preventive measures, such as medications, are necessary. By following these steps, the risk of developing breast cancer can be reduced, and overall breast health can be promoted.
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