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Partial Knee Replacement (PKR) represents a significant advancement in Orthopaedic Surgery, offering a precise and minimally invasive approach to address localised knee osteoarthritis. Utilising robotic technology, this procedure, unlike Total Knee Replacement (TKR), targets and repairs only the damaged compartments of the knee while preserving healthy bone and tissue. Currently, robotic-assisted procedures make up 11% of knee surgeries worldwide, with projections estimating 700,000 cases in the next decade. A ten-year study found that patients experienced high satisfaction, proper implant function, and minimal complications. This blog explores how Robotic Partial Knee Replacement can transform your life.
Synopsis
What is Robotic Partial Knee Replacement?
Robotic Partial Knee Replacement (PKR) is a surgical procedure that utilises robotic technology to assist in replacing only the damaged portion of the knee joint with an artificial implant. Unlike traditional knee replacement surgery, which replaces the entire knee joint, PKR preserves healthy bone and cartilage, leading to faster recovery and potentially better long-term outcomes. This minimally invasive approach is a game-changer in Orthopaedics, offering greater accuracy than conventional methods.
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Who is Suitable for Robotic Partial Knee Replacement?
Robotic Partial Knee Replacement is suitable for patients experiencing osteoarthritis confined to one or two knee compartments. Ideal candidates have pain localised to a specific knee area and maintain a good range of motion. Those with significant knee deformities, such as varus (bowlegged) or valgus (knock-kneed) deformities, are not generally considered suitable for robotic partial knee replacement.
Obesity may influence eligibility, as it can affect surgical outcomes. Patients with inflammatory arthritis, like rheumatoid arthritis, are generally not considered for PKR due to widespread joint involvement.
Before considering surgery, nonoperative treatments such as weight loss, physical therapy, or injections are often recommended. If these therapies fail to provide relief, PKR may be considered.
Read our blog: How to Manage Osteoarthritis? Tips and Treatments
Procedure Overview
Robotic Partial Knee Replacement is a minimally invasive procedure that uses robotic technology to replace only the damaged part of the knee, preserving healthy tissue.
Below are the key steps involved:
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Preoperative Planning: A CT scan creates a 3D model of your knee to plan implant size and position.
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Patient Preparation: Undergo health assessments and stop certain medications before surgery.
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Anaesthesia Administration: Receive anaesthesia to ensure comfort during the procedure.
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Robotic System Setup: The surgeon calibrates the robotic arm with your knee's 3D model.
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Bone Preparation: The robotic arm assists the surgeon in precisely removing damaged bone and cartilage.
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Implant Placement: The surgeon accurately positions the implant, guided by real-time feedback from the robotic system.
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Incision Closure: The surgical site is closed with sutures or staples, and a sterile dressing is applied.
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Postoperative Recovery: Physical therapy begins shortly after surgery to restore knee function and strength.
This advanced approach enhances surgical precision, improving outcomes and promoting faster recovery.
Benefits of Robotic Partial Knee Replacement
Robotic Partial Knee Replacement utilises advanced robotic technology to enhance the precision and effectiveness of knee surgeries. Below are the key benefits:
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Increased Surgical Accuracy: Robotic assistance allows for precise bone resurfacing, leading to better implant positioning.
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Improved Patient Outcomes: Patients often experience faster recovery times and reduced postoperative pain.
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Enhanced Implant Longevity: Accurate placement contributes to the implant's durability, potentially extending its lifespan.
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Minimised Soft Tissue Damage: Robotic systems' precision helps preserve surrounding tissues, reducing the risk of complications.
These advantages make robotic partial knee replacement valuable for individuals seeking effective knee pain relief.
Read our blog: 5 Myths About Robotic Knee Replacement Surgery
Risks and Considerations
Robotic Partial Knee Replacement (PKR) offers precision and improved outcomes, but it's essential to understand potential risks and considerations. Below are key points to consider:
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Mechanical Failures: Robotic systems can experience technical issues, potentially leading to surgical delays or conversion to traditional methods.
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Steep Learning Curve: Surgeons require extensive training to master robotic systems, which may initially increase surgery duration.
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Higher Costs: Robotic surgeries often involve increased expenses due to equipment and maintenance, impacting overall healthcare costs.
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Lack of Haptic Feedback: Some robotic systems lack tactile sensation, affecting the surgeon's ability to assess tissue resistance.
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Potential Complications: As with any surgery, there are risks, including infection, blood clots, and adverse reactions to anaesthesia.
It is crucial to discuss these factors with an experienced orthopaedic surgeon in Bangalore to determine whether robotic PKR is appropriate for your specific medical needs and circumstances.
Recovery and Rehabilitation
Robotic Partial Knee Replacement offers a minimally invasive solution for knee pain, leading to a potentially quicker recovery. Below are key aspects of the recovery and rehabilitation process:
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Hospitalisation Duration: Depending on individual health and support systems, patients typically stay in the hospital for about 3-5 days after knee surgery.
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Early Mobilisation: Initiating movement soon after surgery is crucial to prevent complications like blood clots and promote healing.
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Physical Therapy: Physical therapy helps restore knee function, improve range of motion, and strengthen surrounding muscles.
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Continuous Passive Motion (CPM): Utilising a CPM device can aid in maintaining joint flexibility by gently moving the knee through a controlled range of motion.
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Pain Management: Employing cryotherapy, or cold therapy, can help reduce swelling and alleviate pain during recovery.
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Assistive Devices: Using crutches or walkers initially supports mobility, ensuring safety as strength and balance are regained.
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Home-Based Rehabilitation: Home-based rehab may also be effective, along with inpatient programs in certain situations.
Conclusion
Robotic Partial Knee Replacement offers precision, faster recovery, and improved long-term outcomes. It minimises soft tissue damage and ensures accurate implant placement. However, there are risks, such as higher costs and potential complications. Proper rehabilitation, including physical therapy and lifestyle changes, is crucial for success.
Consulting an orthopaedic surgeon helps determine suitability. This procedure provides a promising solution for knee pain, enhancing mobility and overall quality of life.
FAQ's
A robotic partial knee replacement surgery usually takes 2 – 3 hours. However, the exact duration of surgery can vary depending on the complexity of your individual case and any unforeseen circumstances.
If arthritis spreads to other knee compartments, a total knee replacement may be required. Your surgeon will monitor your knee's condition during follow-up appointments after a partial knee replacement surgery.
Yes, but most orthopaedic surgeons in Bangalore recommend the 2 procedures at certain intervals (1-2 weeks). This allows for a smoother recovery period, while also reducing the overall stress on your body. Our expert orthopaedic surgeon will discuss the best approach for your arthritic-pain.
Most patients can drive within 6 weeks after a full recovery period, depending on pain levels and mobility. Always consult with your doctor before resuming driving.
No, robotic knee surgery involves smaller incisions, leading to minimal scarring compared to traditional knee replacement.
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