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Digestive problems in children are a common concern ranging from minor issues to major diseases. For the effective management of these issues and ensuring the children maintain a healthy digestive system understanding the symptoms and causes becomes extremely important for parents.
Top 10 Digestive Problems in Children that Parents need to know
Here are the top 10 digestive problems in children that parents need to know:
1. Food Allergies
Food allergy refers to the immune system's response to some proteins in food that the body mistakenly identifies as harmful. The response can range from mild symptoms like hives to severe ones like anaphylaxis. Common allergens in children are fish, peanuts, soy and eggs. Common allergy symptoms are swelling in some parts of the body, trouble breathing, diarrhoea and anaphylaxis. Food Allergies can be managed by avoiding allergen exposure, safe food preparations, maintaining hygiene and preparing for emergencies.
2. Food Intolerances
A food intolerance occurs when a child’s digestive system is unable to break down certain food. Common intolerances are lactose intolerance, gluten intolerance and fructose intolerance. Common intolerance symptoms are heartburn, headaches and bloating. Food intolerances can be managed by avoiding trigger foods, following healthy eating habits, regular checkups and educational awareness.
3. Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) is a digestive condition in which stomach acid flows back to the oesophagus with the potential to damage the oesophagal lining. Factors which may contribute to GERD are obesity, underdeveloped digestive system and certain food items. Common symptoms are heartburn, difficulty swallowing, chest pain, regurgitation and bad breath. Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) can be managed by dietary adjustments, medications and several lifestyle changes.
4. Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a common gastrointestinal disorder, characterised by a combination of altered bowel habits and abdominal pain which can include diarrhoea, constipation or a mix of both. What triggers or causes IBS remains unknown but several factors which may contribute are infections, gut-brain axis, intestinal motility, dietary habits, stress and anxiety.
IBS can be managed through various approaches such as medications, dietary changes, stress management, probiotics and regular exercise.
5. Digestive Infections
Gastrointestinal infections or digestive infections refer to illnesses which affect the digestive tract. Digestive issues such as vomiting, abdominal pain, high fever and diarrhoea can be caused by bacterial, parasitic or viral infections. Common digestive infections are Gastroenteritis, Giardiasis, Rotavirus Infection, Salmonellosis and E. Coli Infection. Common prevention tips for digestive infections are vaccination, practising hygiene, safe and clean food and water consumption.
6. Constipation
Constipation is a digestive issue characterized by infrequent bowel movements, abdominal discomfort, straining, feeling of incomplete evacuation and hard, dry stools. Constipation is a common issue among children and can lead to a recurring problem.
Common constipation causes are low fibre diet, lack of physical activity and dehydration. Management tips for dehydration include hydration, regular exercise, increased fibre intake and regular toilet habits.
7. Celiac Disease
Celiac disease is an autoimmune disorder in which the body mistakenly attacks the lining of the small intestine causing inflammation and damage after consumption of food or drinks containing gluten which is a protein found in barley, wheat and rye. Common symptoms are vomiting, constipation, stomach ache and growth problems. Management tips for celiac are following a strict gluten-free diet, regular medical follow-ups and label reading.
8. Short Bowel Syndrome
Short Bowel Syndrome (SBS) is a condition in which the stomach misses a large amount of the small intestine or a major part of the small intestine is non-functional which leads to poor absorption of nutrients. The main causes of Short Bowel Syndrome are intestinal injury, slow blood flow due to blocked vessels, intussusception and cancer. Common symptoms of SBS are malnutrition, dehydration, diaper rashes and kidney stones. Common management tips are proper nutrition, medication, surgery, lifestyle adjustment and supportive care.
9. Eosinophilic Gastrointestinal Disorders (EGID)
Eosinophilic Gastrointestinal Disorders (EGID) refer to a group of conditions which cause abnormal accumulation of White Blood Cells specifically eosinophils in the gastrointestinal tract. EGID causes inflammation and swelling in the digestive tract which leads to discomfort and pain while swallowing. EGIDs can affect the oesophagus, large and small intestines and the stomach. Common symptoms are diarrhoea, Nausea and vomiting, poor growth and difficulty swallowing. Management tips for EGID are medication, dietary management, proper nutrition and lifestyle changes.
10. Encopresis
Encopresis also known as fecal incontinence refers to a condition where a child usually over the age of 4 involuntarily passes stool in inappropriate places instead of the toilet. It often occurs when the colon becomes too full causing liquid stool to leak staining the clothes. Common symptoms are spoiling of clothes, constipation and abdominal pain. Management tips for encopresis are addressing underlying constipation, regular follow-ups, encouraging good toiletry habits and following healthy eating.
Consult our gastroenterologist in Patiala if digestion problem treatment is needed for your child.
Conclusion
Digestive problems in children can prove to be challenging for both children and parents. Gas problem in kids can be effectively managed by recognizing symptoms early and taking preventive measures. Book a consultation with our experienced paediatrician in Patiala for more information on digestive problems or personalised treatment for your child. We also invite you to explore our blog page to read the latest healthcare blogs shared by our doctors.
FAQ's
Common Signs include cramping, bloating, constipation, nausea, vomiting and abdominal pain.
Consult an expert gastroenterologist in Patiala ASAP if your child has severe abdominal pain, blood in stool, chronic vomiting, trouble eating and unexplained weight loss.
Encouraging regular physical exercise, monitoring food allergies and intolerance, and establishing a consistent meal schedule and a healthy diet.
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