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Type 1 diabetes is the most prevalent form of diabetes in children; however, increasing obesity issues in children have led to a prevalence of type 2 diabetes in these younger people. Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic medical condition that arises when the body is unable to regulate blood sugar levels effectively. It involves a disruption in insulin production or utilisation, impacting glucose metabolism.
Detecting diabetes in children early is paramount to prevent complications and ensure optimal growth and development. Holistic management goes beyond medical interventions, encompassing lifestyle adjustments, emotional support, and educational efforts. Understanding the unique challenges of diabetes in children is essential for comprehensive care which helps promote their overall well-being.
Synopsis
Diabetes in Children
Identifying the early signs of diabetes in children is the first step towards managing diabetes in children. If you notice the below symptoms, immediately consult with a paediatric diabetologist and endocrinologist in Bangalore to seek proper medical support.
Diabetes Symptoms in Children
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Bed-wetting during the night
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Excessive thirst & hunger
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Sudden weight loss, despite a normal or increased appetite
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Persistent fatigue
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Irritability
Your endocrinologists in Bangalore may take different approaches to diagnose the potential causes behind the symptoms of diabetes.
Causes of Diabetes in Children
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The cause of type 1 diabetes is not known. However, most children with type 1 diabetes have an autoimmune disorder in which their immune system, which should fight off harmful bacteria and viruses, mistakenly attacks and destroys insulin-producing islet cells in the pancreas.
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Genetics and environmental factors also contribute to type 1 diabetes in children.
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Obesity is the most common cause of type 2 diabetes in children.
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Other factors that increase the risk of type 2 diabetes in younger people include a family history, being born to a mother with diabetes while pregnant (gestational diabetes), or other medical conditions affecting the body’s insulin production
Diagnostic Tests for Diabetes in Children
| TEST TYPE | DETAILS | NORMAL RESULTS | ABNORMAL RESULTS (indicating diabetes) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Fasting Blood Sugar Levels |
It measures glucose levels after a period of fasting. Elevated fasting blood sugar indicates diabetes. |
70 to 100 milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL) |
126 mg/dL or more |
| Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT) |
It administers a glucose solution after blood sugar level measurements, assessing the body's ability to process glucose effectively. |
Below 140 mg/dL two hours after consuming a glucose solution |
Above 200 mg/dL two hours after consuming a glucose solution |
| Haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) Testing |
It analyses the average blood sugar levels over several months. Elevated HbA1c levels may suggest persistent hyperglycemia and the presence of diabetes. |
Under 5.7% |
Above 6.5% |
Please note that these results are only to give you a rough idea. The ranges may vary depending on your child’s age. Accurate treatment can only be given by a diabetes and endocrinology doctor. Do not opt for self-medication for your child, or else it may worsen the situation.
Regular monitoring and early intervention contribute to effective diabetes management in paediatric patients. Consult a Diabetes hospital in Bangalore for the best treatment and care for diabetes in children.
Treatment for Diabetes Management in Young Patients
Insulin Therapy
Different types of insulin therapy can be given to young patients. The prescription usually depends on their individual needs and conditions. The variety of formulations includes:
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Rapid-acting insulin
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Short-acting insulin
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Intermediate-acting insulin
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Long-acting insulin
The treatment can be administered by injections or pumps. The doctor will guide you regarding proper administration techniques for consistent and effective treatment.
Dietary Management
Include a balanced meal plan for your child in collaboration with the doctor. It ensures adequate nutrition while managing blood sugar levels. Consistent carbohydrate intake and eating meals at regular intervals throughout the day contribute to stable glucose control. Dietary management will aid in insulin adjustments and maintain optimal blood sugar levels.
Physical Activity
Regular physical activity enhances insulin sensitivity in children. Exercise plans that are catered to children's preferences and ages can be helpful. Encouraging outdoor activities for your child can also make them enjoy an active lifestyle.
The diabetologist in Bangalore can suggest if their condition requires more complex medical intervention.
Incorporating diabetic treatment at a young age may adversely affect your child’s mental health.
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It is important to foster a positive environment and a support system so that your child feels safe. Communicate openly and teach them about diabetes.
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It is also crucial for schools to educate children about diabetes. Better knowledge always means better management.
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Doctors often experience the fear of injection in children. So, be gentle with them and gradually involve them in the process to alleviate anxiety.
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Diabetes management can influence a child's daily life and social activities, too. Proper education about the condition promotes inclusivity and allows for appropriate accommodations.
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There are several diabetes education programmes. Participate in those with your child to have a clear understanding of the condition. These events will educate you about diabetes self-management, nutrition, and psychological aspects.
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An expert medical professional may suggest psychological support. Regular check-ins can provide a platform for expressing concerns and developing coping strategies.
Mental wellness is intensely related to physical wellness. Neglecting your child’s psychological challenges can only make things worse. So, create an environment where young patients can thrive emotionally while managing their condition effectively.
Diabetes Management During Adolescence
The dynamics of diabetes care transform as young patients navigate through their adolescent period. Below are the key factors to consider for diabetes management during this phase.
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Hormonal changes
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Encouraging them to take an active role in the treatment procedure.
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Teaching them that peer pressure must not influence their plans.
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Body image issues
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Psychological support
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Regular monitoring of their sugar levels.
Take help from a doctor for an educated transition in this phase without hampering your child’s mental or physical well-being.
Diabetes management is a multidimensional approach that requires thorough vigilance. For best measures, consult our top diabetologist at Manipal Hospitals, Whitefield, Bangalore, and offer your child a healthy life.
FAQ's
Signs like excessive thirst, frequent urination, bed-wetting, weight loss, and fatigue indicate diabetes in children.
Absolutely. All they need is regular monitoring and proper treatment measures, along with emotional support.
Encourage gradual independence. Start involving them in the decision-making process and provide resources like peer support groups. Balance is the key to a successful transition.
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