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Motherhood is the state or experience of being a mother, encompassing the roles, responsibilities, and relationships associated with nurturing and raising a child. It involves the physical, emotional, and social aspects of caring for and supporting a child's growth, development, and well-being from infancy through adulthood. Motherhood encompasses a wide range of experiences and expressions, including biological motherhood (giving birth to a child), adoptive motherhood (raising a child who is not biologically related), and other forms of caregiving and maternal roles within families and communities. It involves unconditional love, nurturing, guidance, protection, and the provision of emotional, physical, and practical support to children as they navigate the complexities of life. Motherhood is a deeply rewarding and transformative journey that shapes both the mother and child, fostering bonds of love, connection, and resilience that endure a lifetime.
Viewing motherhood as a gift from God is a deeply held belief for many people, shaped by their spiritual or religious perspectives. From this viewpoint, motherhood is seen as a sacred and divine experience, bestowed upon women by a higher power. Here are some reasons why motherhood is often considered a gift from God:
A new mother tends to experience the miracle of carrying and birthing a child, she experiences unconditional love and is driven by a sense of fulfilment which leads to deep emotional growth and transformation. Motherhood is not only about the bond between a mother and her child but also about the gift of family and community. It is seen as a means of strengthening family ties, fostering unity, and building a supportive network of love and care within the community.
Synopsis
What is Mental Health?
Mental health refers to a person's psychological, emotional, and social well-being. It encompasses various aspects of an individual's life, including their thoughts, feelings, behaviours, relationships, and overall functioning. Good mental health is characterized by a state of balance, resilience, and emotional stability, enabling individuals to cope with the stresses of life, build positive relationships, and pursue their goals and interests.
A study published in the Indian Journal of Psychiatry in 2015 reported that the prevalence of postpartum depression in India ranged from 15% to 20%..Another study published in the Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of India in 2017 found that the prevalence of postpartum depression among Indian women ranged from 9.5% to 22%.
The mental health and well-being of new mothers in the Indian scenario are influenced by various factors, including cultural norms, social support systems, economic status, and access to healthcare services. Here are some key points to consider:
1. Cultural Norms and Expectations: In India, there are strong cultural expectations placed on women regarding motherhood, including the pressure to be the primary caregiver and to prioritize the needs of the child and family above their own. These expectations can contribute to feelings of stress, guilt, and anxiety among new mothers.
2. Social Support Systems: The support system available to new mothers can significantly impact their mental health. In many Indian households, extended family members, particularly mothers and mothers-in-law, play a significant role in providing support to new mothers. However, the quality and nature of this support can vary widely and may sometimes add to the stress experienced by the new mother.
3. Postpartum Depression (PPD): Postpartum depression is a significant concern for new mothers worldwide, including in India. PPD can be exacerbated by factors such as hormonal changes, sleep deprivation, social isolation, and the stress of adjusting to a new role. However, in many Indian communities, there is a stigma associated with mental health issues, which can prevent new mothers from seeking help or discussing their feelings openly.
4. Access to Healthcare Services: Access to mental healthcare services for new mothers in India can be limited, especially in rural areas. There is a shortage of mental health professionals, and stigma surrounding mental health can further discourage women from seeking help. However, efforts are being made to increase awareness about mental health issues and improve access to care through initiatives such as maternal and child health programs and community-based interventions.
5. Economic Factors: Economic factors also play a significant role in the mental health and well-being of new mothers. Financial stressors, such as the cost of childbirth, childcare, and household expenses, can contribute to feelings of anxiety and depression. Additionally, women in lower socioeconomic strata may face greater challenges in accessing healthcare and social support services.
6. Changing Family Dynamics: With societal changes and increasing urbanization, traditional family structures in India are evolving. Nuclear families are becoming more common, which can affect the support system available to new mothers. Additionally, women are increasingly balancing roles as mothers and professionals, which can add to the challenges of managing their mental health.
Consult our clinical psychologist in Bangalore if you need to learn more about Maternal mental health.
Coping strategies for new mothers in the Indian scenario:
Here are some coping mechanisms they can consider:
1. Seek Social Support: Connecting with other mothers, whether through in-person support groups or online forums, can provide a sense of camaraderie and understanding. Sharing experiences, tips, and concerns with other women going through similar experiences can be immensely comforting and validating.
2. Communicate with Your Partner and Family: Open communication with your partner and family members about your needs, feelings, and concerns is crucial. Expressing what you need in terms of support, whether it is help with household chores, childcare, or emotional support, can lighten the load, and strengthen your bond with your loved ones.
3. Prioritize Self-Care: It is essential for new mothers to prioritize self-care, even if it means carving out small pockets of time for themselves amidst their busy schedules. Simple self-care activities such as taking a short walk, practicing deep breathing exercises, or indulging in a hobby can help recharge your batteries and promote overall well-being.
4. Accept Help: Don't hesitate to accept help from family members, friends, or hired help if it's available and feasible. Allow others to assist with tasks like cooking, cleaning, or looking after the baby, so you can have some time to rest and rejuvenate.
5. Set Realistic Expectations: Recognize that it's okay not to be perfect and that motherhood comes with its challenges and learning curves. Set realistic expectations for yourself and your baby, and be kind to yourself when things don't go as planned.
6. Stay Active: Physical activity can have significant benefits for both physical and mental health. Incorporate gentle exercises such as walking, yoga, or postnatal fitness classes into your routine to boost your mood and energy levels.
7. Practice Mindfulness and Relaxation Techniques: Mindfulness meditation, deep breathing exercises, and progressive muscle relaxation techniques can help alleviate stress and promote relaxation. Taking a few minutes each day to practice these techniques can have a profound impact on your mental well-being.
8. Seek Professional Help if Needed: If you are struggling with overwhelming feelings of sadness, anxiety, or despair, don't hesitate to seek help from a mental health professional. Therapists, counsellors, or support groups specializing in postpartum mental health can offer guidance, support, and coping strategies tailored to your needs.
9. Hiring help for a new mother: Hiring help for a new mother in India can be a practical solution to ease the transition into motherhood and alleviate some of the burdens associated with childcare and household responsibilities. When hiring help for a new mother in India, it's essential to consider factors such as the family's budget, specific needs and preferences, cultural considerations, and the reputation and reliability of the individuals or agencies providing the assistance. Additionally, it's important to establish clear expectations, boundaries, and communication channels to ensure a positive and mutually beneficial arrangement for all parties involved.
Consult our psychology hospital in Bangalore if you need to know more about mental health for mothers.
Returning to work after childbirth
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Before returning to work, it's essential to plan ahead and make arrangements for childcare. Research childcare options such as daycare centres, hiring a nanny, or enlisting the help of family members. Ensure that you feel comfortable and confident in your chosen childcare arrangement.
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If possible, consider easing back into work gradually by starting with a part-time schedule or working from home initially.
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Find ways to stay connected with your child throughout the day, such as video calls during breaks or arranging for childcare near your workplace so you can visit during lunchtime. This can help ease any separation anxiety you may feel and strengthen your bond with your baby.
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Be Kind to Yourself, adjusting to the demands of work and motherhood can be challenging, so it's important to be kind to yourself and give yourself grace. Remember that it's okay to ask for help and to prioritize your own well-being as you navigate this new chapter in your life.
Reconnecting with your spouse
Adjusting to changes in the relationship with your spouse after childbirth is a common experience for many couples. Here are some tips to help navigate this transition and maintain a strong relationship:
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Communicate openly and try to listen to each other with empathy and understanding.
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Support and appreciate each other.
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Share responsibilities equally.
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Prioritize quality time with each other.
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Maintain intimacy, emotionally and physically.
Diagnosing and managing postpartum depression and psychosis in India face several challenges, including the lack of standardized screening tools, limited mental healthcare infrastructure, and the need for greater awareness among healthcare professionals and the public. Community-based awareness and intervention programs can contribute significantly to making this beautiful transformative journey of motherhood much easier and more meaningful.
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