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Strokes are caused by a disruption of blood flow to the brain and can be classified into two types: ischemic and hemorrhagic. Stroke management is a crucial part of restorative therapy that involves the timely identification and treatment of stroke symptoms.
Stroke management aims to reduce damage and improve healing. For strokes caused by lack of blood, giving an IV drug-like tissue plasminogen activator (TPA) as quickly as possible is very important in the first 4.5 hours after symptoms start. The medication breaks up blood clots, letting the brain get more blood flow. Doctors also use endovascular methods to treat blocked blood vessels directly. They can give medication into the brain or take out clots using stent retrievers during this process.
The procedure begins with a cerebral angiogram or imaging test to identify the affected area. For ischemic strokes, the swift administration of thrombolytics is crucial to dissolve blood clots and restore blood flow. Endovascular procedures may involve inserting a catheter through the blood vessels to deliver medications directly to the affected brain areas or to remove clots using stent retrievers. For hemorrhagic strokes, emergency measures focus on controlling bleeding and reducing pressure within the brain. Surgery is necessary to remove blood and repair damaged blood vessels, with surgical clipping for aneurysms or coiling for endovascular embolisation options.
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Endovascular thrombectomy is a procedure where a catheter is used to remove a blood clot causing an ischemic stroke. By removing the clot, blood flow can be restored to the affected area of the brain, which can help to prevent long-term damage and improve outcomes for the patient.
Recovery varies greatly depending on stroke severity and individual factors. Some people make full recoveries, while others require ongoing therapy and support. It's important to note that recovery after a stroke is not always linear, and progress can vary from day to day. Some individuals may experience setbacks or complications, while others may experience rapid improvements.
Rehab can include therapies designed to help individuals regain lost function and skills, improve their quality of life, and increase their independence.
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